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| Optimization of unlimited stage fracturing technology for horizontal wells in continental shale formation |
| TANG Jizhou1,2,ZHANG Zhuo1,2,ZHANG Fengshou3,LI Yuwei4,5,LIU Tangyan1,2 |
(1. School of Ocean and Earth Science,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;2. State Key Laboratory of Marine
Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 201306,China;3. College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;4. School of Environment,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110036,China;5. Institute of Unconventional Oil and Gas,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163318,China)
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Abstract Compared with the traditional fracturing technologies,the recently developed unlimited stage sliding-sleeve fracturing has been proved to have many advantages during unconventional development,including uniform stimulated reservoir volume and unlimited stages. However,the controlling factors of fracture propagation and induced stress distribution of the unlimited stage fracturing have not been fully understood. For this reason,taking a continental shale formation as an example,the multi-fracture propagation models are established based on the discrete lattice method. By comparing the fracture morphology of perforation fracturing and unlimited staged fracturing under different conditions(continental shale lithology,bedding dimensional parameters,and fracturing engineering parameters),the qualitative and quantitative analyses can be performed concerning the fracture propagation law of unlimited stage fracturing. The research results show that the complex lithology,developed bedding interfaces,and the stress shadow effect are responsible for uneven fracture propagation regarding the multi-stage perforation fracturing. The bedding plane aperture,bedding density and vertical distance between bedding plane and wellbore would affect the propagation law of perforated fractures in continental shale formation,resulting in the difference in the stimulated volume of each cluster. In contrast,the unlimited stage fracturing can not only neglect the influence of the bedding interfaces,but also form more effective fractures and more uniform reservoir stimulated volume. The positive effect of unlimited stage fracturing can be strengthened depending on the lithology,cluster design,pumping rate and geometry of initial fractures. The stimulation effect of unlimited stage fracturing would get weakened under conditions of large cluster spacing,high pumping rate,and large radius of initial cluster. The magnitude and the distribution of the induced stress along the wellbore direction vary between the two technologies. For unlimited stage fracturing,the induced stress field of the former clusters will overlap and influence the following fracturing work. The research outcomes can provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the optimization of the fracturing technologies of continental shale formation.
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