压实黄土淤地坝“陡坎”冲蚀特性研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1146

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (3)

Download: PDF (184408 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract In recent years，water-induced failures of check dams frequently occurred due to short-time heavy rainfalls in Loess Plateau in China. The research foundation on check dam breach simulation is weak，while the erosion characteristics of compacted loess and the head-cut erosion mechanism under the influence of different factors are still unclear. Qualitative and quantitative tests on microscopic pore structures of loess material，and 14 groups of head-cut erosion flume tests of compacted loess have been conducted. In this study，the influences of initial water content and compactness on head-cut erosion process are the main concern，and the influence mechanisms of compacted loess microscopic pore structure on the head-cut erosion mode and rate have been revealed. The model test results show that the water-holding state of compacted loess has an essential impact on head-cut erosion mode and rate. Water molecules change the macroscopic erosion law by affecting the microscopic pore structure of compacted loess. When the soil is in a low water content state，the head-cut is dominated by layered erosion，and the “false cohesion” provided by matrix suction has little impact on the erosion rate. With the increase of water content，the head-cut erosion mode has changed into retrogressive erosion towards upstream accompanied by intermittent instability of blocks. However，the change of compactness does not affect the head-cut erosion mode，but the head-cut erosion rate by adjusting particle skeleton and contact area. The increase of compactness can significantly enhance the erosion resistance of loess. The research results can provide theoretical support for the study of dam breach mechanisms of loess check dams.

Key words： soil mechanics check dam compacted loess initial water content compactness microstructure head-cut erosion

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors

Cite this article:

URL:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1146 OR http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/Y2023/V42/I9/2315

[10]	ROBINSON K M，HANSON G J. Large-scale headcut erosion testing[J]. Transactions of the ASAE，1995，38(2)：429-434.
[8]	ZHONG Q M，WANG L，CHEN S S，et al. Breaches of embankment and landslide dams-state of the art review[J]. Earth-Science Reviews，2021，216：103597.
[18]	MORRIS M W，KORTENHAUS A，VISSER P J，et al. Breaching processes：a state of the art review[R]. Munich：HR Wallingford Ltd.，2009.
[12]	BENNETT S J. Effect of slope on the growth and migration of headcuts in rills[J]. Geomorphology，1999，30(3)：273-290.
[11]	ROBINSON K M. Gully erosion and headcut advance[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Stillwater：Oklahoma State University，1996.
[1]	GUO W Z，WANG W L，XU Q，et al. Distribution，failure risk and reinforcement necessity of check-dams on the loess plateau：a review[J]. Journal of Mountain Science，2021，18(2)：499-509.
[21]	GUO M M，CHEN Z X，WANG W L，et al. Spatiotemporal changes in flow hydraulic characteristics and soil loss during gully headcut erosion under controlled conditions[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences，2021，25(8)：4 473-4 494.
[7]	CHEN Z Y，HUANG X P，YU S，et al. Risk analysis for clustered check dams due to heavy rainfall[J]. International Journal of Sediment Research，2021，36(2)：131-146.
[17]	ZHANG J Y，LI Y，XUAN G X，et al. Overtopping breaching of cohesive homogeneous earth dam with different cohesive strength[J]. Science China：Technological Sciences，2009，52(10)：3 024-3 029.
[2]	党恬敏，党维勤，李小兵，等. 新时期淤地坝及其坝系高质量发展的新路径[J]. 水利发展研究，2022，22(2)：58-65.(DANG Tianmin，DANG Weiqin，LI Xiaobing，et al. New path of high-quality development of warping dams and its dam system in the new era[J]. Water Resources Development Research，2022，22(2)：58-65.(in Chinese))
[3]	刘雅丽，王白春. 黄土高原地区淤地坝建设战略思考[J]. 中国水土保持，2020，(9)：48-52.(LIU Yali，WANG Baichun. Strategic thinking on construction of check dams in Loess Plateau[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China，2020，(9)：48-52.(in Chinese))
[6]	陈祖煜，李占斌，王兆印. 对黄土高原淤地坝建设战略定位的几点思考[J]. 中国水土保持，2020，(9)：32-38.(CHEN Zuyu，LI Zhanbin，WANG Zhaoyin. Reflections on the strategic positioning of the construction of check dams in Loess Plateau[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China，2020，(9)：32-38.(in Chinese))
[5]	党维勤，郝鲁东，高健健，等. 基于“7•26”暴雨洪水灾害的淤地坝作用分析与思考[J]. 中国水利，2019，866(8)：62-65.(DANG Weiqin，HAO Ludong，GAO Jianjian，et al. Roles of silt retention dam in rainstorm flood disaster on July 26[J]. China Water Resources，2019，866(8)：62-65.(in Chinese))
[13]	BENNETT S J，ALONSO C V，PRASAD S N，et al. Experiments on headcut growth and migration in concentrated flows typical of upland areas[J]. Water Resources Research，2000，36(7)：1 911-1 922.
[15]	CESTERO F J A，IMRAN J，CHAUDHRY M H. Experimental investigation of the effects of soil properties on levee breach by overtopping[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering，2015，141(4)：04014085.
[16]	AMARAL S，CALDEIRA L，VISEU T，et al. Designing experiments to study dam breach hydraulic phenomena[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Research，2020，146(4)：04020014.
[20]	GUO M M，WANG W L，SHI Q H，et al. An experimental study on the effects of grass root density on gully headcut erosion in the gully region of China's Loess Plateau[J]. Land Degradation and Development，2019，30(17)：2 107-2 125.
[23]	方祥位，申春妮，李春海，等. 陕西蒲城黄土微观结构特征及定量分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2013，32(9)：1 917-1 925.(FANG Xiangwei，SHEN Chunni，LI Chunhai，et al. Quantitative analysis of microstructure characteristics of Pucheng loess in Shaanxi Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2013，32(9)：1 917-1 925.(in Chinese))
[25]	蒋明镜. 现代土力学研究的新视野-宏微观土力学[J]. 岩土工程学报，2019，41(2)：195-254.(JIANG Mingjing. New paradigm for modern soil mechanics：Geomechanics from micro to macro[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2019，41(2)：195-254.(in Chinese))
[26]	林鸿州，李广信，于玉贞，等. 基质吸力对非饱和土抗剪强度的影响[J]. 岩土力学，2007，140(9)：1 931-1 936.(LIN Hongzhou，LI Guangxin，YU Yuzhen，et al. Influence of matric suction on shear strength behavior of unsaturated soils[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2007，140(9)：1 931-1 936.(in Chinese))
[9]	国小龙，朱勇辉，范北林，等. “陡坎”冲刷模拟研究与进展[J]. 水力发电学报，2014，33(1)：73-78.(GUO Xiaolong，ZHU Yonghui，FAN Beilin，et al. Research and advances in headcut erosion simulation[J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering，2014，33(1)：73-78.(in Chinese))
[19]	SHI Q H，WANG W L，GUO M M，et al. The impact of flow discharge on the hydraulic characteristics of headcut erosion processes in the gully region of the Loess Plateau[J]. Hydrological Processes，2019，34(3)：718-729.
[4]	WANG L N，ZHU Q K，ZHAO W J，et al. The drought trend and its relationship with rainfall intensity in the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Natural Hazards，2015，77(1)：479-495.
[14]	WELLS R R，BENNETT S J，ALONSO C V. Effect of soil texture，tailwater height，and pore-water pressure on the morphodynamics of migrating headcuts in upland concentrated flows[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms，2009，34(14)：1 867-1 877.
[24]	雷祥义，王书法. 黄土的孔隙大小与湿陷性[J]. 水文地质工程地质，1987，(5)：15-18.(LEI Xiangyi，WANG Shujie. Size of loess pores in relation to collapsibility[J]. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology，1987，(5)：15-18.(in Chinese))
[22]	王梅，白晓红，杨晶. 湿陷性黄土微观结构分析的试样制备[J]. 太原理工大学学报，2010，41(3)：283-286.(WANG Mei，BAI Xiaohong，YANG Jing. Method of specimen preparation for collapsible loess microstructure research[J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology，2010，41(3)：283-286.(in Chinese))