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| Attenuation and energy dissipation of dynamic stress waves in fractured sandstone |
| WU Ziyue, QIU Pengqi, ZHANG Xiaoqiang, WANG Kai, WANG Wenwei, LI Wenbo, XIE Jinrun |
(College of Mining Engineering，Taiyuan University of Technolog, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China)
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Abstract The fracturing of high-position, thick, and hard roof strata overlying deep coal seams generates dynamic stress waves that can trigger rockbursts in stopes. The fractured zone serves as the primary pathway for wave transmission from the source to the stope. To investigate the propagation behavior of stress waves within fractured rock masses, this study employs a combination of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) testing and FLAC3D numerical modeling to analyze the attenuation characteristics of stress waves in fractured sandstone of varying sizes. The findings reveal the following: (1) Under dynamic loading, the failure mode of fractured specimens significantly differs from that of intact specimens. As the size of the fractured sandstone increases, the transmission coefficient decreases while the energy dissipation ratio increases. When the impact velocity rises from 7.5 m/s to 12.5 m/s, the transmission coefficient and energy dissipation ratio of fully fragmented specimens increase by 27.3% and 13.3%, respectively; for moderately fragmented specimens, the increases are 22.9% and 14.7%. (2) The propagation of dynamic stress waves from the overlying strata to the mining site can be categorized into three stages: stress wave initiation, propagation through intact rock, and propagation through plastic rock. In the plastic rock stage, stress wave attenuation is markedly more pronounced than in the other stages. The peak particle velocity of the surrounding rock decreases by 33.8%, and the attenuation rate of elastic strain energy reaches 47%. (3) Numerous discontinuities within the fractured sandstone induce multiple transmissions and reflections of dynamic stress waves, resulting in significant energy loss. The intensified fragmentation of the sandstone further dissipates wave energy, which constitutes the primary cause of the substantial attenuation of dynamic stress waves. (4) In designing rockburst prevention measures for mining stopes subjected to strong dynamic stress, it is essential to implement zoned pressure relief in the overlying strata. By regulating the degree of overburden fragmentation, the propagation paths of dynamic stress waves can be progressively disrupted, thereby reducing their impact on the stability of the surrounding rock at the mining site. The research findings may serve as a valuable reference for the prevention and control of rockburst disasters induced by dynamic stress waves in deep mines.
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2025, Vol. 44 
