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| Moisture migration law and water immersion deformation characteristics of loess high-fill foundations |
| YANG Xiaohui1, 2, PAN Guojie1, 2, GUO Nan1, 2, HUANG Xuefeng1, 3, CHEN Pengshan1, 2 |
(1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; 2. Western Engineering Research Center of Disaster Mitigation in Civil Engineering of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; 3. Department of Military Facilities Engineering, Engineering University of
the Joint Logistics Support Force, Chongqing 401311, China) |
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Abstract To investigate the moisture migration and immersion-induced deformation characteristics of loess high-fill foundations, a field immersion test was conducted on a layered compacted high-fill project in Lanzhou. Over a period of 364 d, the volumetric water content, surface settlement deformation, and crack development around the test pit were monitored. This study analyzed the moisture migration patterns, variations in vertical and horizontal permeability coefficients, and the wetting deformation characteristics of the fill foundation. The results indicate the following: (1) During immersion, daily water consumption exhibited distinct stage-wise characteristics. The upper section of the fill foundation can enhance anti-seepage effectiveness by employing loess mixed fill and increasing compaction. (2) Evaporation must be accounted for in field immersion tests. Daily infiltration stabilized at 2.5–3.0 m3/d, with evaporation constituting approximately 2/3 to 1/2 of the daily water consumption. (3) Full development of wetting deformation requires multiple cycles. As fill depth increases, the onset of deep soil wetting is delayed, resulting in long-term post-construction settlement. (4) The vertical permeability rate decreases with increasing fill depth, while the horizontal permeability rate remains consistent, leading to an oblate elliptical moisture diffusion pattern. (5) The “boundary effect” of immersion deformation in fill foundations differs significantly from that in undisturbed loess foundations. For fill foundations located near water sources, a minimum safety distance of 10 m should be maintained between structures and the water source. (6) During the immersion process of the fill foundation, the surface settlement rate in the last month should not exceed 2.5 mm/d as the criterion for ceasing immersion. These findings provide a scientific basis for the treatment of fill foundations and the mitigation of wetting deformation issues in loess regions.
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2025, Vol. 44 
