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| Evolution of pore structure and damage characteristics of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles with different rock bridge lengths |
| ZHANG Huimei1, WANG Huan1, CHEN Shiguan2, LI Zengle2, YANG Gengshe2, SHEN Yanjun3, 4, MENG Xiangzhen5 |
(1. College of Sciences, Xi?an University of Science and Technology, Xi?an, Shaanxi 710054, China; 2.College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi?an University of Science and Technology, Xi?an, Shaanxi 710054, China; 3. School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang?an University, Xi?an, Shaanxi 710054, China; 4. State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Chang'an University, Xi?an, Shaanxi 710054, China; 5. School of Architecture Engineering,
Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China) |
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Abstract To investigate the overall deformation mechanism of the central locked slope in cold regions, this study conducted freeze-thaw tests and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on sandstone samples from three rock bridges of varying lengths. By integrating multifractal theory, the study examined the evolution patterns and fractal characteristics of the pore structure in these sandstone samples during freeze-thaw cycles. Meso-damage variables were quantitatively characterized using multifractal parameters. Additionally, a predictive formula for the degradation of elastic modulus based on meso-damage was established through trans-scale damage identification and comparison. The results indicated that the evolution of the pore structure in the rock bridge samples during freeze-thaw cycles can be categorized into two stages: dynamic remodeling of the pore structure (early stage) and saturation of pore network evolution (middle-to-late stage). The peak growth rates of the primary peaks in the NMR T2 spectra for the 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm rock bridge samples were 30.3%, 12.5%, and 14.7%, respectively, while the secondary peaks exhibited growth rates of 42.9%, 46.4%, and 34.3%, respectively. Notably, the growth rate of mesopores was significantly higher than that of micropores. Furthermore, with an increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles, the pore volume, heterogeneity, and pore connectivity of the sandstone samples increased, resulting in intensified damage and a more complex pore structure. In the later stages of the freeze-thaw cycles, as the length of the rock bridge increased, the degree of evolution, heterogeneity, and pore connectivity of the sandstone samples initially decreased and then increased, with the highest values observed in the 20 mm-long rock bridge, followed by the 30 mm-long rock bridge, and the lowest in the 25 mm-long rock bridge. This study defined meso-damage and macro-damage variables based on the Hurst exponent and elastic modulus, achieving a macro-meso combination of damage that successfully predicted the degradation trend of macro-mechanical characteristic parameters from the meso-scale. The findings of this study may provide valuable insights into the deformation mechanisms and stability analysis of slopes in cold regions.
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2025, Vol. 44 
