不同粗糙度下断层滑动行为特征研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0414

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (95103 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Fault surface roughness, a critical parameter influencing fault slip behavior, significantly affects fault sliding characteristics through variations in its hierarchy. This study focuses on Jinping marble as the research subject and systematically conducts fault friction tests under the combined effects of varying normal stresses and fault plane roughness (ranging from micrometer to millimeter scale). The aim is to elucidate the influence mechanisms of the synergistic effects of roughness and normal stress on fault sliding behavior characteristics. The main findings are as follows: (1) Fault surfaces with low to moderate roughness are more susceptible to inducing periodic stick-slip oscillations, with the magnitude of shear stress drop positively correlated to normal stress. Low-roughness fault surfaces can counteract the shear strength enhancement caused by roughness variations, thereby dominating the shear strength weakening process. In contrast, high-roughness fault surfaces, due to the dynamic separation effect of asperities, are more likely to trigger single stress drop events. As normal stress increases, local asperities tend to undergo brittle failure, resulting in a sudden decrease in non-periodic stress. (2) The stick-slip behavior of Jinping marble faults can be categorized into four typical modes: regular stick-slip, sub-regular stick-slip, pseudo-chaotic stick-slip, and chaotic stick-slip. Notably, chaotic stick-slip and regular stick-slip exhibit significant differences in periodic characteristics and stress curve morphology. Chaotic stick-slip frequently occurs during the transition phase between stick-slip and stable sliding. (3) The geometric morphology of the fault surface profoundly influences both the mechanical response and the characteristics of the acoustic emission (AE) signals during sliding. The amplitude of local strain reduction diminishes from the shear loading end towards the opposite end. The failure mechanisms of asperities on the fault plane demonstrate hierarchical dependence: frictional wear dominates at low roughness, brittle fracture at high roughness, and a combination of both mechanisms at moderate roughness. Furthermore, the AE signal responses reveal the underlying energy release mechanisms during fault sliding. These research findings provide technical support for the safe development of deep-seated resources.

Key words： rock mechanics fault friction test roughness of the fault surface normal stress sliding behavior force-acoustic response

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	LIU Ning1
	GUO Yuhang2
	3
	4
	ZHANG Luosong2
	3*
	ZHANG Chuanqing2
	3

Cite this article:

LIU Ning1,GUO Yuhang2,3, et al. Different roughness effects on the characteristics of fault sliding behavior[J]. , 2026, 45(1): 49-64.

URL:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0414 OR https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/Y2026/V45/I1/49

[1] ZHOU X P，HE Y，SHOU Y D. Test investigation of the effects of loading rate，contact roughness，and normal stress on the stick-slip behavior of faults[J]. Tectonophysics，2021，816(8)：229027.
[2] ALLAM A A，KROLL K A，MILLINER C W D，et al. Effects of fault roughness on coseismic slip and earthquake locations[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research：Solid Earth，2019，124(11)：11 336–11 349.
[3] 刘力强. 弹性回跳模型：从经典走向未来[J]. 地震地质，2014，36(3)：825–832.(LIU Liqiang. Elastic rebound model：from classical to future[J]. Seismogeology，2014，36(3)：825–832.(in Chinese))
[4] 冯夏庭，肖亚勋，丰光亮，等. 岩爆孕育过程研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，38(4)：649–673.(FENG Xiating，XIAO Yaxun，FENG Guangliang，et al. Study on the process of rockburst[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2019，38(4)：649–673.(in Chinese))
[5] SHEN Z K，SUN J，ZHANG P，et al. Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Nature Geoscience，2009，2(10)：718–724.
[6] KIM K H，REE J H，KIM Y H，et al. Assessing whether the 2017 Mw 5.4 Pohang earthquake in South Korea was an induced event[J]. Science，2018，360(6392)：1 007–1 009.
[7] DEICHMANN N，GIARDINI D. Earthquakes induced by the stimulation of an enhanced geothermal system below Basel (Switzerland)[J]. Seismological Research Letters，2009，80(5)：784–798.
[8] CANDELA T，RENARD F，KLINGER Y，et al. Roughness of fault surfaces over nine decades of length scales[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research：Solid Earth，2012，117：B08409.
[9] YAMASHITA F，FUKUYAMA E，XU S，et al. Rupture preparation process controlled by surface roughness on meter-scale laboratory fault[J]. Tectonophysics，2018，733：193–208.
[10] TAL Y，GOEBEL T，AVOUAC J P. Experimental and modeling study of the effect of fault roughness on dynamic frictional sliding[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters，2020，536：116133.
[11] 黄元敏，马胜利，缪阿丽，等. 剪切载荷扰动对断层摩擦影响的实验研究[J]. 地震地质，2009，31(2)：276–286.(HUANG Yuanmin，MA Shengli，MIAO Ali，et al. Experimental study on the effect of shear load disturbance on fault friction[J]. Seismogeology，2009，31(2)：276–286.(in Chinese))
[12] 朱民杰，邵康，刘金锋. 正应力动态扰动作用下模拟花岗岩断层泥的摩擦特性及其对断层滑动机制的启示[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2025，44(4)：940–958.(ZHU Minjie，SHAO Kang，LIU Jinfeng. Friction characteristics of simulated granite gouge under dynamic disturbance of normal stress and its enlightenment to fault slip mechanism[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2025，44(4)：940–958.(in Chinese))
[13] DONG P，WANG Z Y，XU Y，et al. Effects of fault roughness on estimating critical slip-weakening distance from fault slip history：A laboratory study[J]. Tectonophysics，2024，885：230419.
[14] KARAMITROS I，GANAS A，CHATZIPETROS A，et al. Non-planarity，scale-dependent roughness and kinematic properties of the Pidima active normal fault scarp (Messinia，Greece) using high-resolution terrestrial LiDAR data[J]. Journal of Structural Geology，2020，136：104065.
[15] WANG L，KWIATEK G，RENARD F，et al. Fault roughness controls injection-induced seismicity[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，2024，121(3)：e2310039121.
[16] GOUNON A，LATOUR S，LETORT J，et al. Rupture nucleation on a periodically heterogeneous interface[J]. Geophysical Research Letters，2022，49(20)：e2021GL096816.
[17] 郭玲莉. 断层失稳滑动瞬态过程的实验观测与分析[J]. 国际地震动态，2014，(7)：39–41.(GUO Lingli. Experimental observation and analysis of transient process of fault instability sliding[J]. International Earthquake Dynamics，2014，(7)：39–41.(in Chinese))
[18] 任雅琼，谢凡，卓燕群. 断层接触非均匀性对米尺度断层黏滑失稳成核过程的控制[J]. 地球物理学报，2024，67(6)：2 336–2 349. (REN Yaqiong，XIE Fan，ZHUO Yanqun. The control of fault contact heterogeneity on the nucleation process of stick-slip instability of meter-scale faults[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics，2024，67(6)：2 336–2 349.(in Chinese))
[19] MCLASKEY G C. Earthquake initiation from laboratory observations and implications for foreshocks[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research：Solid Earth，2019，124(12)：12 882–12 904.
[20] XU S Q，FUKUYAMA E，YAMASHITA F，et al. Fault strength and rupture process controlled by fault surface topography[J]. Nature Geoscience，2023，16(1)：94–100.
[21] EIJSINK A M，KIRKPATRICK J D，RENARD F，et al. Fault surface morphology as an indicator for earthquake nucleation potential[J]. Geology，2022，50(12)：1 356–1 360.
[22] MORAD D，SAGY A，TAL Y，et al. Fault roughness controls sliding instability[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters，2022，579：117365.
[23] ZHUO Y Q，LIU P，GUO Y，et al. The different effects of polished and post-slip roughnesses on fault stability[J]. Tectonophysics，2024，877：230281.
[24] 周辉，孟凡震，张传庆，等. 结构面剪切过程中声发射特性的试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(增1)：2 827–2 836. (ZHOU Hui，MENG Fanzhen，ZHANG Chuanqing，et al. Experimental study on acoustic emission characteristics of structural plane during shear process[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(Supp.1)：2 827–2 836.(in Chinese))
[25] 李海波，刘博，冯海鹏，等. 模拟岩石节理试样剪切变形特征和破坏机制研究[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(7)：1 741–1 746. (LI Haibo，LIU Bo，FENG Haipeng，et al. Study of deformability behaviour and failure mechanism by simulating rock joints sample under different loading conditions[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(7)：1 741–1 746. (in Chinese))
[26] 何毅. 剪切速率、断面粗糙度、正应力对黏滑行为影响的试验研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 重庆：重庆大学，2019.(HE Yi. Experimental study on the effects of shear rate，section roughness and normal stress on stick-slip behavior[M. S. Thesis][D]. Chongqing：Chongqing University，2019.(in Chinese))
[27] ZHANG C Q，XU J，JIN S J，et al. Influence of microroughness on stick-slip characteristics of fault under constant normal stiffness[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2022，55(4)：2 281–2 298.
[28] ZHANG C Q，ZHANG L S，TAO Z G，et al. Study on rock type effect of fault sliding stability[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2024，57(3)：1 915–1 938.
[29] 张传庆，郭宇航，徐金顺，等. 基于功率谱密度的评估岩石节理粗糙度新方法[J]. 岩土力学，2022，43(11)：3 135–3 143.(ZHANG Chuanqing，GUO Yuhang，XU Jinshun，et al. A new method for evaluating rock joint roughness based on power spectral density[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2022，43(11)：3 135–3 143.(in Chinese))
[30] DRUMMOND C，ISRAELACHVILI J. Dynamic phase transitions in confined lubricant fluids under shear[J]. Physical Review E，2001，63(4)：041506.
[31] URBAKH M，KLAFTER J，GOURDON D，et al. The nonlinear nature of friction[J]. Nature，2004，430(6999)：525–528.
[32] ZHOU X P，SHOU Y D，YANG L H，et al. Stick-slip failure in heterogeneous sheared fault with a variety of fault roughness[J]. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors，2020，309：106587.