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| Rheological characteristics of mineral components in sandstone based on nanoindentation |
| SUN Changlun1,2,LI Guichen1,2,XU Jiahui1,2,RONG Haoyu1,2,SUN Yuantian1,2 |
| (1. Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining,Ministry of Education,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;2. School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China) |
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Abstract In deep underground engineering,the rheological characteristics of rock can affect the construction design and stabilities of engineering structures,which has been extensively investigated. However,the previous studies mainly focused on large inhomogeneous rock samples and ignored the rheological characteristics of minerals in them at the meso-scale. Consequently,in this study,the rheological characteristics and constitutive model of various minerals in sandstone were investigated by using the nanoindentation technique. The distributions of minerals were obtained by using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). The elastic moduli of quartz,albite,calcite and kaolinite from nanoindentation experiment are respectively 87.74,59.85,32.30 and 17.31 GPa,indicating the heterogeneity of the sandstone at the meso-scale. The nanoindentation rheological process consists of instantaneous elastic deformation,creep and elastic aftereffect,which can be described by the Burgess model. During the rheological process,the creep load-holding and unloading periods inevitably make the pores and cracks in the minerals develop,which aggravates the deformation during elastic aftereffect and yields smaller rheological parameters than those obtained from the creep. The macro-scale rheological elastic parameters of sandstone can be obtained by upgrading the rheological elastic parameters of its mineral components at the meso-scale,which provides a convenient and efficient method for studying the rheological properties of sandstone.
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