|
|
|
| Study on mechanical characteristics and damage failure mechanisms of expansion type grouted bolts |
| TAN Bohai1，YAO Nan1，2，DU Jian3，SUN Mingwei3，LIU Hai4，GUAN Wenchao1 |
| (1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering，Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan，Hubei 430081，China；2. Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Met allergic Mineral Resource，Wuhan University
of Science and Technology，Wuhan，Hubei 430081，China；3. Wisco Resources Group Jinshandian Mining Co.，Ltd.，
Huangshi，Hubei 435100，China；4. Yunnan Gold Mining Group Co.，Ltd.，Kunming，Yunnan 650200，China)
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract In order to enhance the anchoring effect of grouted bolts，the expansive agent was added into the slurry. A comparative anchoring test was carried out between the ordinary slurry and the expansive slurry to monitor radial stress changes during grouting body development. Subsequently，a bolt pull-out test was conducted to determine the ultimate pullout force of the bolt. The study employed Abaqus numerical simulation software to construct a refined model of a rebar bolt，incorporating transverse ribs. Numerical simulation tests were conducted to analyze the mechanical characteristics and failure mechanisms of the bolt following anchoring with different grouting materials. The results indicate that：(1) Following approximately 60 hours of development，the expansion type grouting body can exhibit a maximum radial stress of 2.34 MPa while maintaining stability. In comparison with the ordinary type grouting body，the ultimate pullout force of the bolt increases by 21.3% after anchoring with the expansion type grouting body. (2) When the drawing load is low，the interfacial shear stress gradually decreases along the anchoring depth. Conversely，under high drawing loads，the interfacial shear stress initially increases before rapidly decreasing，the peak shear stress is mainly distributed near the orifice. (3) In comparison with ordinary grouting bolts，the extrusion action of expansion type grouting results in a higher degree of interface bonding and more evenly distributed interface shear stress. This leads to reduced damage to the grouting body and improved gripping performance under the same tensile load，significantly enhancing the bearing capacity of expansion type grouting bolts. To enhance the anchoring effect the anchor bolts，an expansive agent was added to the slurry，and a comparative test was conducted between the ordinary slurry and the expansive slurry. The radial stress changes during the development of the slurry was monitored，and the pull-out test and numerical simulation of the anchor bolts were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of the anchor bolts during the pull-out process. The results show that：(1) After about 60 hours of development，the expansive slurry can generate a radial stress of up to 2.34 MPa and remains stable. Compared with the ordinary slurry，the ultimate pull-out resistance of the anchor bolts increased by 21.3% after anchoring with the expansive slurry. (2) The shear stress at the anchor bolt-mortar interface decreases gradually with the depth of anchoring at low pull-out load，and the shear stress increases first and then rapidly decreases at high pull-out load. The peak shear stress is mainly distributed near the hole mouth. (3) Compared with the ordinary mortar anchor bolts，the expansive slurry has a greater compressive effect，resulting in a higher interface adhesion，higher shear stress distribution，and more uniform distribution. Under the same pull-out load，the grouting damage is less，showing better clamping performance，which greatly improves the bearing capacity of the expansive slurry anchor bolts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 付文光，杨 立，冯栋栋. 注浆黏结锚杆荷载试验判稳方法的综合研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2024，46(4)：694–704.(FU Wenguang，YANG Li，FENG Dongdong. Integrated study on stability judgment method for grouting anchor tests[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2024，46(4)：694–704.(in Chinese))
[2] 张耀升，王连广，黄小斌，等. 注浆锚杆界面应力分析及临界锚固长度计算[J]. 东北大学学报：自然科学版，2021，42(11)：1 618–1 624. (ZHANG Yaosheng，WANG Lianguang，HUANG Xiaobin，et al. Analysis of interface stress of grouting rockbolt and calculation of critical anchorage length[J]. Journal of Northeastern University：Natural Science，2021，42(11)：1 618–1 624.(in Chinese))
[3] 赵呈星，李英明，刘 刚，等. 深部软岩巷道围岩支护技术研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术，2022，50(4)：76–84.(ZHAO Chengxing，LI Yingming，LIU Gang，et al. Study on surrounding rock support technology of deep soft rock roadway[J]. Coal Science and Technology，2022，50(4)：76–84.( in Chinese))
[4] 孟庆彬，钱 唯，韩立军，等. 软弱矿体中巷道围岩稳定控制技术及应用[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2019，36(5)：906–915.(MENG Qingbin，QIAN Wei，HAN Lijun，et al. Stability control technology of roadway surrounding rock in soft ore body and its application[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2019，36(5)：906–915.(in Chinese))
[5] 邓云纲. 高地应力软岩隧道长期稳定性分析[J]. 铁道工程学报，2024，41(4)：60–67.(DENG Yungang. Analysis of long-term stability of soft rock tunnel under high geostress[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2024，41(4)：60–67.(in Chinese))
[6] 黄耀光，张天军. 深部高地应力巷道塑性破坏特征及注浆支护[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2019，36(5)：949–958.(HUANG Yaoguang，ZHANG Tianjun. Plastic failure characteristics and grouting support of deep roadway with high ground stress[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2019，36(5)：949–958.(in Chinese))
[7] 陶文斌，陶 杰，侯俊领，等. 深埋巷道地应力特征及优化支护设计[J]. 华南理工大学学报：自然科学版，2020，48(4)：28–37.(TAO Wenbin，TAO Jie，HOU Junling，et al. In-situ stress characteristics and optimal support design of deep roadway[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology：Natural Science，2020，48(4)：28–37.(in Chinese))
[8] 周 航，张广泽，赵晓彦，等. 西南山区某隧道地应力特征及岩爆危险性评价[J]. 铁道工程学报，2023，40(12)：48–54.(ZHOU Hang，ZHANG Guangze，ZHAO Xiaoyan，et al. In-situ stress characteristics and rockburst risk evaluation of a tunnel in the southwest mountains[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2023，40(12)：48–54.(in Chinese))
[9] 刘学生，武允昊，谭云亮，等. 锚杆抗疲劳性能对深部动载扰动硐室围岩稳定性影响[J]. 中国矿业大学学报，2021，50(3)：449–458. (LIU Xuesheng，WU Yunhao，TAN Yunliang，et al. Influence of boltfatigue resistance on the surrounding rock stability of deep chamber disturbed by dynamic loads[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology，2021，50(3)：449–458.(in Chinese))
[10] 范 浩，汪 洋. 新型胀壳式可回收锚杆的研制与应用[J]. 煤矿机械，2015，36(4)：237–238.(FAN Hao，WANG Yang. Research and application on new retrievable expansion shell bolt[J]. Coal Mine Machinery，2015，36(4)：237–238.(in Chinese))
[11] 郑文忠，李瑞森，徐笠博，等. 静态破碎技术研究综述与建议[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报，2021，53(5)：190–200.(ZHENG Wenzhong，LI Ruisen，XU Libo，et al. Review and analysis on research and application of static crushing technology[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology，2021，53(5)：190–200.(in Chinese))
[12] 姜 楠，徐全军，龙 源，等. 大孔径静态破碎膨胀压力特性及布孔参数分析[J]. 爆炸与冲击，2015，35(4)：467–472.(JIANG Nan，XU Huijun，LONG Yuan，et al. Expansive pressure characteristic and borehole parameter analysis on large scale borehole soundless cracking[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves，2015，35(4)：467–472.(in Chinese))
[13] 姚 囝，竺愿成，叶义成，等. 膨胀型浆体力学性能及其注浆加固研究进展与展望[J]. 金属矿山，2024，待刊.(YAO Nan，ZHU Yuancheng，YE Yicheng，et al. Study progress prospect of physical properties of expansive slurry and its grouting reinforcement[J]. Metai Mine，2024，to be Pressed.(in Chinese))
[14] 张文军，段克信，张宏伟. 塑料胀壳式系列锚杆及其应用[J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报，2006，(4)：503–506.(ZHANG Wenjun，DUAN Kexin，ZHANG Hongwei. Application of bolts with plastic expansion shell[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University，2006，(4)：503–506.(in Chinese))
[15] 张士林，冯夏庭，段克信，等. 塑料胀壳式注浆锚杆设计及机制[J]. 东北大学学报，2001，(1)：57–59.(ZHANG Shilin，FENG Xiating，DUAN Kexin，et al. Plastic shell-expanding grouting bolt and its reinforcing mechanism[J]. Journal of Northeastern University，2001，(1)：57–59.(in Chinese))
[16] YAO N，CHEN J W，HU N Y，et al. Experimental study on expansion mechanism and characteristics of expansive grout[J]. Construction and Building Materials，2021，268：121574.
[17] YAO N，DENG X M，WANG Q H，et al. Experimental investigation of expansion behavior and uniaxial compression mechanical properties of expansive grout under different constraint conditions[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2021，80：5 609–5 621.
[18] YAO N，ZHANG W H，LUO B Y，et al. Exploring on grouting reinforcement mechanism of expansive slurry[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2023，56：4 613–4 627.
[19] ZHANG WH，YAO N，LUO B Y，et al. Mechanical properties of expansive slurry fractured rock mass composites in the direct shear experiment[J]. Construction and Building Materials，2023，404：133248.
[20] 刘 杰，李运舟，杨渝南，等. 自膨胀锚杆锚固体膨胀剂极限掺量确定方法研究[J]. 岩土力学，2020，41(10)：3 266–3 278.(LIU Jie，LI Yunzhou，YANG Yunan，et al. Study on the method for determining the limit content of expansion agent in anchor body of self-expanding bolt[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2020，41(10)：3 266–3 278.(in Chinese))
[21] 刘 杰，孙荣琪，张 研，等. 各向异性初始地应力软岩中自膨胀锚杆扩体–拉拔试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报，2022，47(10)：3 634– 3 644.(LIU Jie，SUN Rongqi，ZHANG Yan，et al. Experimental study on expansion-pullout of self-expansion bolt in soft rock with anisotropic initial ground stress[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2022，47(10)：3 634–3 644.(in Chinese))
[22] 刘 杰，李洪亚，李运舟，等. 围岩侧限对自膨胀锚杆性能影响效应研究[J]. 中国公路学报，2022，35(8)：245–257.(LIU Jie，LI Hongya，LI Yunzhou，et al. Effect of surrounding rock confinement on the performance of self-expanding bolt[J]. Chinese Journal of Highway and Transport，2022，35(8)：245–257.(in Chinese))
[23] 孙克国，许炜萍，黄 谦，等. 预应力锚杆拉拔力学特性及临界锚固长度研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2024，43(3)：653–669.(SUN Keguo，XU Weiping，HUANG Qian，et al. Study on pull-out mechanical characteristics and critical anchorage length of prestressed anchor bolts[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2024，43(3)：653–669.(in Chinese)) |
|
|
|
2024, Vol. 43 
