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| A shear creep model of the interface between frozen soil and structure based on fractional derivative |
| DENG Shengjun1，2，3，ZHANG Jinhai1，CHEN Haolin1，JIANG Gang1，GONG Xiaonan2，3 |
| (1. Department of Underground Engineering，Nanjing Tech University，Nanjing，Jiangsu 210009，China；2. Research Center of Coastal and Urban Geotechnical Engineering，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou，Zhejiang 310058，China；3. Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering of the Ministry of Education，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou，Zhejiang 310058，China) |
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Abstract The freezing-sealing pipe roof method was firstly applied in the construction of the Gongbei Tunnel. However，the long-term stability issues during the construction period were not foreseen in the design phase. These issues involve the shear creep characteristics at the interface between the frozen soil and the structure within the pipe-roof frozen soil composite structure. Currently，there is a lack of creep models that accurately describe the shear creep characteristics at this interface between the frozen soil and the structure. A theoretical model based on fractional derivatives that can simultaneously describe the mechanical behavior at the interface between frozen soil and the structure during the attenuated，steady-state，and accelerated creep stages is derived. The model replaces the viscoelastic component of the Maxwell model with the Abel dashpot element and incorporates a creep acceleration element controlled by shear stress，then the shear creep test results of the interface between frozen soil and steel are obtained through tests. A least square fitting program incorporating fractional derivative is developed using Python，which adopted multi-parameter simultaneously. This program is used to fit the shear creep curves of the interface between frozen soil and the structure under various conditions. Finally，this paper analyzes the sensitivity of the parameters affected by the stress-controlled acceleration element within the model，revealing the influence of the acceleration index N and the fractional order on the accelerated creep stage. The research findings are demonstrated as follow：(1) The fractional derivative in the fractional-order Maxwell acceleration model significantly improves the nonlinear progression of the creep curve，and the shear stress-controlled acceleration element accurately simulates the accelerated creep stage. (2) The fractional-order Maxwell acceleration model shows higher applicability and precision compared to traditional models Under different experimental conditions. (3) Sensitivity analysis indicates that a larger acceleration index N results in more noticeable acceleration effects and a faster rate. As the fractional order increases，the proportion of time in the accelerated creep stage also grows. This study provides a theoretical foundation for numerical simulations of creep mechanical behavior in analogous freezing engineering such as pipe-roof freezing projects and pile-soil interactions.
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2024, Vol. 43 
