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2004, 23 (02): 0-0 doi:

[PDF] 126 KB (755)

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DESIGN AND RESEARCH ON CONCEALED EXCAVATION SYSTEM FOR 3D GEO-MECHANICAL MODEL TEST OF LARGE
UNDERGROUND HOUSES

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2004, 23 (02): 181-181 doi:

[PDF] 381 KB (1075)

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The model tests for underground houses，in the past，were mostly two dimensional or three dimensional in small size. In those model tests，the excavation process was not simulated in its real meaning，or even a ready-made tunnel or a cavern was simply put into the model before loading，which is unreasonable because the tunnel should be excavated under the condition of initial stress field. Many researchers improved the situation by loading the model prior the excavation simulation. However，the excavation was modeled by pulling some rigid blocks or withdrawing inner pressure applied by hydraulic jack from the ready-made tunnel or cavern. But this can only be done for the plane model test，and was surely not the best way to simulate the excavation process. Recent years，more and more large，even huge underground projects with cavern group are under planning，designing and construction in China，as well as in the world. Besides the numerical simulation，physical and geo-mechanical model tests have been putting on the agenda to meet engineering request. The technique of concealed excavation in a three dimensional geo-mechanical model test for an underground powerhouses of a large hydropower station is studied in present paper，including the determination of basic principles of concealed excavation，the design of positioning systems inside and outside of the model，special designed micro-step-forword boring machine and devices，internal monitoring system by using the mini-infrared-camera and introduction to the process of concealed excavation.

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MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS OF CONCRETE AND RELEVANT TECHNICS

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2004, 23 (02): 187-187 doi:

[PDF] 270 KB (1107)

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This paper is concerned with the design and development of a multiaxial fatigue experimental apparatus for concrete and relevant experiment technics，which has reached the world advanced level in this field. The apparatus consists of four parts： control system，loading system，data collecting system and cooling system. The relevant experiment technics including experiment design，operation of the machine and measurement of fatigue parameters are presented.

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REMOTE SENSING-ROCK MECHANICS(II) —— LAWS OF THERMAL INFRARED RADIATION FROM VISCOSITY-SLIDING OF BI-SHEARED FAULTS AND ITS MEANINGS FOR TECTONIC EARTHQUAKE OMENS

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2004, 23 (02): 192-192 doi:

[PDF] 1557 KB (1123)

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The viscosity-sliding of bi-sheared faults is the second mechanism of tectonic earthquake. By using of biaxial loading system and thermal infrared (TIR) imaging system，the TIR radiation features of four kinds of composed faults were experimentally studied in the process of bi-sheared viscosity-sliding. It is revealed that the time-space evolution of rock surface’s TIR radiation temperature field is not only related to stress，but also to the conditions of friction surface as well as the rock properties of its both sides. The TIR radiation is stronger in the location of stress concentration and strong friction than that in the location of stress relaxation and weak friction. In condition of symmetrical rock properties and friction surface of both faults，the TIR image is double butterfly-wings shaped. In condition of rough friction surface，the time-space evaluation of TIR image is un-symmetrical and un-balanced e. g. beads-shaped，needle-shaped，suspended needle-shaped，strip-shaped，single butterfly-wings shaped or shape changed in sequence. If satellite TIR remote sensing is combined with differential INSAR technology，and the pre-sliding action and its subsequent sliding actions of active faults are taken as the monitoring focuses，it would be a prospecting new technology for the remote sensing monitoring and the short-term-time-location-magnitude forecasting for tectonic earthquake.

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DETERMINATION OF ELASTIC MODULUS，TENSILE STRENGTH AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF BRITLE ROCKS BY USING FLATTENED BRAZILIAN DISK SPECIMEN——PART II: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

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2004, 23 (02): 199-199 doi:

[PDF] 253 KB (2185)

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Based on the results of theoretical analysis in part I of this paper，flattened Brazilian disk specimens made of marble were tested by compressive load applied on the flattens. The experimental results show that the elastic modulus ，tensile strength and fracture toughness of brittle rocks can be determined from a valid load-displacement record. The criteria for a valid test are：(1) the crack is initiated from the center region of the specimen，and propagates essentially along the vertical diameter till the critical point，(2) the fracture process after the maximum load，which is characterized by the load descending and then ascending，can be recorded in the test，however the ascending load does not surpass the previous maximum load. The size effect on is discussed based on the cohesive crack model. The modified fracture toughness considering the effect of fracture process zone is obtained by using Bazant′s size effect law.

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ENERGY DISSIPATION PROPERTIES OF THREE GORGES GRANITE UNDER DIFFERENT LOADING MODES

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2004, 23 (02): 205-205 doi:

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In order to get the energy dissipation characters of Three Gorges granite under different loading modes，the complete procedure experiments of 3-point binding，Brazilian tension，uniaxial compression and triaxial compression are conducted with servo-controlled testing machines MTS and RMT. The energy dissipation of specimen under these 4 kinds of loading mode is calculated. According to experimental results，a 3-point bending specimen dissipates minimum energy，a Brazilian tension specimen dissipates much more energy than a 3-point bending specimen，and less than a uniaxial compression specimen，and a triaxial compression specimen dissipates maximum energy.

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TESTING STUDY ON COMPLETE DEFORMATION PROPERTY OF VOUSSOIR BEAM IN STRATIFIED ROCKS

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2004, 23 (02): 209-209 doi:

[PDF] 162 KB (931)

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The deformation and failure mechanism of voussoir beam are analyzed by physical modeling test. The relationship curves among deflection，axial load，transverse load，lever arm coefficient of voussior beam are obtained. These curves show the progressive failure process of voussior beam before and after peak. Among the three sets of curves，the curve of deflection vs coefficient of lever arm reaches the peak at first，and then the curves of transverse load and the axial thrust do，which means that the coefficient of lever arm is the most critical to the failure of voussoir beam. The curves are divided into different sections and analyzed. The peak of axial thrust is about twice magnitude of that in the former test due to the direct influences of geometry non-linearity and the test plan.

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MODEL TESTING RESEARCH ON INFLUENCE OF KARST CAVE SIZE ON STABILITY OF SURROUNDING ROCKMASSES DURING TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION

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2004, 23 (02): 213-213 doi:

[PDF] 779 KB (1253)

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Based on the comprehensive testing system for structure and surrounding rockmasses of highway tunnel (CTSSSRH)，taking Chaodongyan Tunnel as an example，a test concerning the influence of karst cave size on stability of surrounding rockmasses during tunnel construction is carried out through physical and numerical modeling. The ANSYS software is used for 3D elastic-plastic FE analysis，and the yield initiation is assumed to occur following Druck-Prager failure criterion. The results of physical model testing and numerical analysis show that the deformation of surrounding rockmasses of tunnel varies with increase of the karst cave size. The excavation of tunnel with karst caves will amplify the deformation of the surrounding rockmasses of tunnel without karst caves.

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STUDY ON CREEP PROPERTIES OF ROCK UNDER STEP LOAD

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2004, 23 (02): 218-218 doi:

[PDF] 188 KB (1282)

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Based on the unified creep model and the relevant creep equations，the creep properties of rock under step load is studied，and the corresponding creep parameters by fitting curves are obtained.

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TESTING STUDY ON CREEP CHARACTERISTIC OF REGULARLY DENTATE DISCONTINUITY

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2004, 23 (02): 223-223 doi:

[PDF] 241 KB (1252)

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Testing study is made on the creep characteristic of regularly dentate discontinuity in the condition of two-axial stresses，and the normal creep rule of regularly dentate discontinuity is analyzed. Burgers model is selected to reflect the creep characteristic of discontinuity. The model parameters are figured out by numerical analysis and the model curve is in good agreement with test dada.

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CREEP CHARACTERISTICS AND CREEP MODEL OF MARINE
SOFT SOILS

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2004, 23 (02): 227-227 doi:

[PDF] 306 KB (1288)

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It is very important for marine soft ground projects how to describe the creep behavior of marine soft soil. The marine soft soil is of nonlinear creep characteristics on basis of triaxial creep tests of the three kinds of soft soils from Zhuhai，Shanghai and Yingkou in China. A hyperbola-typed stress-strain relation is stated to suitably describe the constitutive character of marine soft soils. The hyperbola-typed function is proposed for the stress-strain relation in Singh-Mitchell’s creep model and a new stress-strain-time relation is suggested in this paper. There are only three parameters in the proposed creep model，and all the parameters are easy to be determined.

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Li Peng，Li Zhen，Liu Jinyu

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2004, 23 (02): 231-231 doi:

[PDF] 241 KB (1003)

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Using large triaxial apparatus，the slaking character is studied for coarse aggregate of Heihe dam under different slaking stress level. According to the result of slaking test，the character of coarse aggregate slaking deformation is presented under triaxial stress condition，and the shear strength of coarse aggregate slaking test is discussed，by comparing the result of slaking test with the data of large triaxial test under high pressure.

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TESTING STUDY ON COMPACTED DECOMPOSED GRANITE SOIL

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2004, 23 (02): 235-235 doi:

[PDF] 267 KB (792)

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The geotechnical properties of decomposed granite soil are very different depending on the property of parent rock and the degree of weathering. This kind of soil is unstable physically and chemically. In this paper，in order to evaluate the stress-strain behavious of decomposed granite soil，the mechanical properties are first investigated and discussed by carrying out a series of triaxial compression tests，and then an isotropic elasto-plastic model is proposed. The model contains eight experimental parameters which are not only easily determined from a few conventional triaxial tests but also have a clear physical meaning. The predicted behaviours for drained triaxial tests of a few kinds of compacted decomposed granite soil are in good agreement with experimental data.

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MEASUREMENT AND STUDY OF IN-SITU STRESSES FOR THE XIABANDI HYDRAULIC PROJECT，XINJIANG

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2004, 23 (02): 242-242 doi:

[PDF] 222 KB (887)

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The measurement and study of in-situ stresses in west China become very important while the construction investment increases rapidly in recent years. At the Xiabandi Hydraulic Project in Xinjiang province，the measurement and study of in-situ stresses are made. The in-situ stresses are measured in the area of underground powerhouse and dam abutment in both banks. Based on the measured in-situ stresses，analyses are made on the stress field in the engineering area and the rock burst there.

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RESEARCH ON STRESS DISTRIBUTION ALONG BOLTS WITH SINGLE BOREHOLE AND MULTIPLE ANCHORS

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2004, 23 (02): 247-247 doi:

[PDF] 195 KB (1029)

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In the light of installation construction of bolts with new type of single borehole and multiple anchors to support a deep excavation foundation pit wall，four bolts are selected for experimental bolts to study the stress distribution characteristic along bolts by measuring strain of bolts during process of applying tension loads to the bolts. For each bolt，there are several anchors，and for each anchor section，several strain cells are installed. The variation of strain along bolts is measured in field by strain cells during the process of different steps of tension loads. In addition，numerical modeling technique is used to simulate the stress-strain status of typical anchor sections according to the structure of this new type of bolts. At last，the mechanical properties in term of stress-strain distribution characteristic along the bolts with single borehole and multiple anchors are analyzed based on measuring of strain in situ and numerical modeling of stress-strain by FEM.

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THEORETIC STUDIES ON NONLINEARITY IN LOADING PROCESS OF FRICTIONAL EXPERIMENTS WITH MOMENT CONSIDERED

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2004, 23 (02): 252-252 doi:

[PDF] 273 KB (898)

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The nonlinearity in loading process of frictional tests is discussed by using 3D spring-rider-flat model with moment considered. Due to the moment of driving force，the normal stress on the flat does not distribute uniformly，which induces nonuniform distribution of frictional resistance by assuming friction coefficient is constant. The whole loading process actually consists of two stages. (1) Before the shear stress reaches the resistance，the rider does neither slide nor deform and the force-displacement curve is linear. (2) After the shear stress，because of the moment，reaches the resistance firstly at the end where the driving force acts，the rider deforms before it slides as a whole. The deformation of the rider will lead to redistribution of the shear stress on the flat and the nonlinear curve of force-displacement should be considered. Since no damage happens to the flat，this mechanism can repeatedly produce such nonlinear phenomenon.

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TESTING STUDY ON BASE RESISTANCE OF THE ANCHORS AT RUNYANG YANGTZE BRIDGE

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2004, 23 (02): 256-256 doi:

[PDF] 215 KB (988)

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The shear strength of the contacting surface between bedrock and anchor concrete is obtained through laboratory direct shear test and in-situ shear test at the South Suspension Bridge of Runyang Yangtze Bridge. The testing results show that there is significant cohesion on the contacting surface between full weathered rock and concrete because of the rough contacting surface. The shear strength indexes c and j are the functions of roughness of contacting surface between concrete and weak or slight weathered rocks. The available shear strength indexes c and j are suggested for the contacting surfaces between concrete and full to slight weathered rocks on the anchor base according to the testing results.

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TECHNIQUE STUDY OF ACROSS-FAULT DEFORMATION MEASUREMENT AND ITS APPLICATION

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2004, 23 (02): 261-261 doi:

[PDF] 271 KB (1026)

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Fault dislocation due to large earthquake is known very well by people，and geologic disasters induced by fault creep get more attentions gradually. There is a relationship between the seismogenic process of earthquake and a abnormal variation of fault creep rate. The deformation of fault creep is potential threatening to the safety of nuclear power plant，dam of reservoir，lifeline systems of a city，large and high buildings. The technique for automatic measurement of fault deformation is of advantage to investigation in present-day fault activity，earthquake observation and prediction，and engineering safety evaluation. The photoelectric system for fault deformation measurement was developed by the Institute of Crustal Dynamics at the end of the nineties of the last century，with high precision，large ranges and no electricity drift，which adopted a displacement sensor with charge coupled device(CCD) as the key components. This measurement system is reliable，too，for fault movement observation accurately and continuously.

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SITE MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF NON-SYMMETRICAL
MULTI-ARCH HIGHWAY TUNNEL

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2004, 23 (02): 267-267 doi:

[PDF] 588 KB (1371)

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The contents，technique，and method of monitoring in Mazhaiding non-symmetrical multi-arch tunnel constructed by application of NATM are presented. Based on the measured data，the deformation and stress properties of surrounding rocks and supporting system are analyzed. The in-time information is applied to guide tunnel construction and optimize the supporting system，and the monitoring results are discussed. The experience and data presented in the paper can be refereed in the design，construction and research of similar tunnel.

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ANALYSIS ON ACOUSTIC EMISSION SIGNAL FROM ROCK DAMAGE IN SUBSIDING AREA BASED ON NON-BALANCED STATISTICS

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2004, 23 (02): 272-272 doi:

[PDF] 470 KB (1074)

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The nonlinear dynamics problem related to rock fracturing is simply described based on the non-balanced statistical theory of crack evolvement. By use of the hybrid analysis of the statistical theory and scan electron microscopy (SEM)，the characters of acoustic emission (AE) signals coming from rock damage in subsiding area are synthetically analyzed and evaluated. These provide an evidence to reversely deduce and accurately infer the position of rock fracture and damage in subsiding area.

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LOCATION OF ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN NON-INTEGRAL ROCK USING RELATIVE LOCATING METHOD

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2004, 23 (02): 277-277 doi:

[PDF] 343 KB (978)

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The technique of acoustic emission is an important approach to reveal the micro-mechanism of deformation and failure of rocks，which is significant in study on mechanism and precursor of instability of rocks，and the location of acoustic emission events is the basis for its analysis. In non-integral and non-homogeneous rocks，the wave velocity field and its change with time are rather complex，and it is difficult to locate accurately acoustic emission events using traditional and absolute locating method. Therefore，the relative locating method is introduced into the location of acoustic emission，which is less dependent on the wave velocity field. The relative locating method is broadly used in locating of earthquakes now，and it is more effective in locating earthquakes with clustering characteristics such as swarms and aftershocks. Aacoustic emissions during deformation of rocks are of similar characteristics. The basic principle of the relative locating method is to select an event from the recording data with high quality as the master earthquake and to locate accurately its position using traditional method，then to locate positions of other events relative to the master event based on their differences in arriving time relative to the master event，and further to locate the real positions of all events. By using the relative locating method，the acoustic emission events are located during the deformation of some non-integral and non-homogeneous rock samples. The results show that the relative locating method can be used to locate acoustic emission events in complex samples，and its reliability and accuracy are obviously improved compared with the traditional method.

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CONTRAST TESTING STUDY ON DYNAMIC ROCKMASS PARAMETERS BY DIFFERENT DYNAMIC TEST METHOD

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2004, 23 (02): 284-284 doi:

[PDF] 343 KB (938)

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With rock wave velocity test in laboratory，borehole wave velocity test in field，layer-inspected wave velocity test of single borehole and cross-borehole wave velocity test for the foundation rockmass of nuclear island of some nuclear power station，the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of rockmass are attained，and accordingly，the dynamic parameters of rockmass are determined. The difference of test results is contrasted and analyzed，and it is concluded that the test results are influenced by the combined relation between the propagation direction of wave and the strike of main rockmass joint.

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON SIZE-EFFECT IN DEFORMATION TEST OF LAYER COMPOSITE ROCKMASS

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2004, 23 (02): 289-289 doi:

[PDF] 670 KB (1044)

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The layer composite rockmass is soft and hard alternatly，and does not meet the conditions of homogeneity，continuity and isotropy. There are many problems to make the equivalent deformation moduli by field deformation test，among which the size-effect is a major problem. Combined with rockmass mechanics parameters selected for the layer composite rockmass of of Qingjiang-Shuibuya underground plant，numerical simulation experiments are made on the size-effect on deformation moduli of layer composite rockmass based on the field test of rockmass deformation. The results indicate that there are obvious size-effect for the studied layer composite rockmass，and the relation between deformation moduli and loading size can be represented by the negative power function，E = 7.989D－0.552. It is concluded that the loaded surface diameter should be up to 3～5 m，and equivalent rockmass deformation moduli are 3～4 GPa，about 70% lower than the results of general deformation test.

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CONSTRUCTION MONITORING AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOUNDATION OF A ANALYSIS PIT

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2004, 23 (02): 293-293 doi:

[PDF] 432 KB (1642)

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Firstly，the design of retaining and protection structure for foundation pit is introduced based on slipping mechanics model and elastic foundation beam model. Secondly，the feasibility of CSC method and retaining and protection structure is analyzed，according to monitoring data in situ. Finally，the staged construction process of foundation is simulated by using Tongji University GeoFBA FEM software. The results of field measurements and numerical simulation indicate that prestressed anchor cable and pile-retaining-and-protection structure can effectively control the foundation deformation and surface settlement.

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MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF SLOPE DEFORMATION
ALONG A SPEEDWAY

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2004, 23 (02): 299-299 doi:

[PDF] 179 KB (1220)

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There are a large number of rock-slope stabilization problems in speedway construction in the middle and west China. Monitoring and analysis are made on slope deformation along a speedway. The monitoring results indicate that in the slope there are deep and shallow-layer glide deformation areas. The influence of variation of underground water table is the main reason of slope deformation. Thus it is suggested that preventing and draining water be the main engineering measure to keep the slope stable.

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TESTING STUDY ON SEEPAGE PROPERTIES OF METHANE GAS IN COAL UNDER THE ACTION OF GEO-ELECTRIC FIELD

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2004, 23 (02): 303-303 doi:

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The geoelectric field in geophysical field is effective on seepage properties of coalbed gas. The seepage properties of Methane gas in coal under the action of geoelectric field are investigated by triaxial compression and seepage test in this paper. The testing results indicate that seepage velocity of methane gas under geoelectric field is much larger than that with no geoelectric field，and increases linearly with the pressure gradient of methane gas. Under geoelectric field，the quantity of methane gas seepage in coal increases approximately linearly with voltage or electric field strength. The higher the degree of coal metamorphism is，the better the conductivity of coal is and the clearer the electric effect of methane gas in coal is. The equivalent gas permeability ke in coal can be expressed by . The testing study makes a foundation to further investigation on coalbed gas seepage and flow laws.

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STRENGTH MODELING FOR THRESHOLD EFFECT OF STRAIN RATE AND LOCAL SECOND RUPTURE OF ROCKS

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2004, 23 (02): 307-307 doi:

[PDF] 176 KB (923)

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The significant testing results on rock failure are obtained from the mechanical tests for a crystallinoclastic tuff under different strain rate of 10－5～1 s－1 and confining pressures of 0 and 88.2 MPa. Furthermore，the strength model considering the effection of strain rate and confining pressure，is proposed based on Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The model indicates that the failure of rock is a process in which there is a coupling between crack development and the slipping of cracked plane. The strain rate threshold is obtained from the test for strength catastrophy，and the mechanism of local second rupture of rocks is gotten clear.

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APPLICATIONS OF FIBER OPTIC SENSORS TO GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING MONITORING

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2004, 23 (02): 310-310 doi:

[PDF] 382 KB (1479)

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The working principles of both Fabry-Pérot cavity type and Bragg grating type of fiber optic sensors in geotechnical engineering monitoring are introduced. Their advantages are illustrated comparing to traditional electric and mechanical sensors. The test results from laboratory and field show the reliability and wide usage of fiber optical sensors.

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TESTING STUDY ON ANTI-DRAW BEARING PROPERTIES OF CAST-IN-PLACE ROCK-SOCKED PILE

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2004, 23 (02): 315-315 doi:

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According to the data of static loading test for two cast-in-place rock-socked piles of a nuclear power station，the transmission of axial pressure，properties of skin resistance and character of tip resistance under loading are analyzed. The difference between anti-press and anti-tensile piles are showed. By analyzing test results，the properties of clay layer and side resistance are revealed. The study result is instructive for design，construction and deep study of the same type of piles.

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TESTING STUDY ON BEARING BEHAVIOURS AND FAILURE MODE OF ROCK-SOCKED PILE

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2004, 23 (02): 320-320 doi:

[PDF] 178 KB (1350)

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STRUCTURAL MODEL TESTING STUDY ON DIAPHRAGM RETAINING WALL SOCKETED INTO ROCK

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2004, 23 (02): 324-324 doi:

[PDF] 397 KB (986)

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According to the design of diaphragm retaining wall socketed into the rock of northern anchorage of Runyang bridges，the structural model test is designed and performed，to verify the bearing capacity and rationality of parameters for the diaphragm retaining wall socketed into rock.

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TESTING STUDY ON BEARING CAPACITY OF PIPE PILES WITH BEARING STRATUM OF MUDSTONE

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2004, 23 (02): 329-329 doi:

[PDF] 284 KB (1146)

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Testing study is made on the bearing capacity of pipe piles socketed in softrock. On the basis of large amount of construction information of driven and redriven pipe piles with the bearing stratum of mudstone，the settlements of pile top and pile bottom under top vertical load are measured for piles subjected to axial loads. An improved formula is given to calculate the axial force of the pile at its bottom. The friction parameters of the soils around pile are calculated by back analyzing method on the basis of measured load-settlement information of static test．The testing study and analysis results indicate that the softrock such as mudstone layer should not be bearing stratum of pipe piles，before effective measures are adopted to eliminate the possible great settlement of buildings.

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ANALYSIS OF FREEZING METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTION OF CONNECTED AISLE IN NANJING METRO TUNNELS

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2004, 23 (02): 334-334 doi:

[PDF] 395 KB (1142)

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The freezing method for the construction of connected aisle in Nanjing metro project is studied. During construction，the temperature in the salty water and frozen soil，the deformation of ground surface and tunnel were measured. Based on the measurement，the variation rules of the above variables are revealed and investigated and a guidance on the freezing method for the construction of connected aisle is proposed.

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SELECTION OF BEARING STRATUM AND ANALYSIS ON BEARING CAPACITY OF PILE FOUNDATION FOR HIGH BUILDING

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2004, 23 (02): 339-339 doi:

[PDF] 319 KB (1421)

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The relationship is presented between strength and deformation resulting from the loading plate test in situ where the foundation soil is strongly，mediumly or slightly weathered shale. According to the relationship，analysis is made on the bearing capacity and settlement of pile foundation. It is deduced that the mediumly and slightly weathered layer can be used as the pile tip foundation，and the calculated settlements are closed to that observed.

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DETERMINATION OF HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS BY WATER PRESSURE TEST OF NON-STATIONCORY FLOW WITH CONSTANT DISCHARGE

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2004, 23 (02): 344-344 doi:

[PDF] 273 KB (1169)

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Water pressure test of non-stationcory flow with constant discharge is made to determine the hydro-geological parameters. The mathematic model of non-stationary flow with constant discharge is introduced and used in the test.

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TESTING STUDY ON COMPRESSION OF PILE UNDER VERTICAL LOAD

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2004, 23 (02): 348-348 doi:

[PDF] 211 KB (1096)

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A multi-parameter static load test method of pile is introduced. With this method，the results calculated with elastic method are compared with the results measured in the field test，and the elastical and plastical characteristics of pile and the influence factors on pile compression are analysed. Some useful conclusions are drawn at last.

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STUDY OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURAL STOCHASTIC SEISMIC RESPONSE AND DYNAMIC RELIABILITY

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2004, 23 (02): 355-355 doi:

[PDF] 96 KB (946)

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STUDY OF NEW DISPOSING METHOD AND GROUND PRESSURE CONTROL FOR GENTLY INCLINED ABANDONED STOPE

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2004, 23 (02): 356-356 doi:

[PDF] 97 KB (803)

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