现场裂隙岩体水力耦合真三轴试验系统研制与应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0452

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摘要为突破能反映岩体特性、岩体结构、初始应力及应力路径等多因素交互影响的水岩作用机制试验研究瓶颈，研制HMTS–1200型裂隙岩体水力耦合真三轴试验系统。该试验系统由高水压密封试验舱系统、试验荷载加载与反力系统、耐高水压变形测量系统、高精度伺服控制系统等组成。该系统的先进性和创新性如下：(1) 采用试样外封闭思想，构造直径为1.6 m水压力密封试验舱，模拟裂隙岩体水压力环境，将岩体试样与力学试验装置整体置于试验舱内开展力学试验；(2) 试样尺寸310 mm×310 mm×620 mm，试验轴向荷载12 000 kN，侧向荷载3 000 kN；(3) 实现高水压下岩体变形直接测量，变形传感器耐水压力3 MPa，测试分辨率0.001 mm，线性度小于0.05%。利用该系统开展玄武岩在不同荷载组合下的水力耦合试验。试验结果表明，水压力的力学效应与岩体试样的变形响应与岩体结构特征、初始应力状态和水力变化路径有关。水压力对试样的力学作用主要表现为两种形式的力学作用及其相互耦合，一种是作为附加面力施加于试样表面，压缩岩体；另一种是水渗入裂隙中产生渗透水压力，降低裂隙面的有效应力，引起裂隙剪切错动和岩样膨胀变形。该设备的成功研制可为高坝水库蓄水及运行引起的库岸岩体变形及诱发滑坡等复杂环境裂隙岩体水力耦合问题和工程应用研究提供新的试验手段。

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	邬爱清
	范雷
	钟作武
	张宜虎
	余美万

关键词 ：岩石力学, 高坝水库蓄水, 裂隙岩体, 水力耦合, 现场真三轴, 试验装置

Abstract：In order to break through the experimental research bottleneck of hydro-mechanical coupling mechanisms of fractured rock mass reflecting the combined actions of rock mass characteristics，rock mass structure，initial stress state and stress path，a HMTS–1200 hydro-mechanical coupling true triaxial test system for fractured rock mass，consisting of high water pressure sealed test chamber system，loading and reaction system，high water pressure resistant deformation measurement system and high precision servo control system，is developed. The advantages of this apparatus are shown as follows：(1) based on the ideology of external sealed system，a high water pressure steel sealed test cabin with 1.6 m diameter is constructed to simulate the water pressure environment of fractured rock mass and the rock mass specimen and mechanical test apparatus can be placed in the chamber to carry out tests，(2) the size of fractured rock mass specimen reaches 310 mm×310 mm×620 mm and a maximum axial load of 12 000 kN and a lateral load of 3 000 kN can be applied，and (3) the rock mass deformation under high water pressures can be measured directly by deformation sensors with 3 MPa water pressure endurance，0.001 mm resolution and less than 0.05% linearity. Hydro-mechanical coupling tests under different stress states were performed. The test results show that the mechanical effect of the water pressure and the deformation response of rock mass specimens are related to the structure characteristics of rock mass，initial stress state and the path of water pressure. The water pressure acting on the specimen presents two types: an additional surface force applied on the surface of the specimen and compressing the specimen，and a seepage pressure produced by water infiltration into the fracture，reducing the effective stress of the fracture surface，and causing shear dislocation of fractures and dilating deformation of the rock specimen. The successful development of this apparatus can provide a new means for researches on complicated hydro-mechanical coupling problems and the engineering applications of rock bank deformation and induced landslides related to water impounding and operations of high dam reservoir.

Key words： rock mechanics water impounding of high dam reservoir fractured rock mass hydro-mechanical coupling in-situ true triaxial test test apparatus

引用本文:

邬爱清，范雷，钟作武，张宜虎，余美万. 现场裂隙岩体水力耦合真三轴试验系统研制与应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(11): 2161-2171.
WU Aiqing，FAN Lei，ZHONG Zuowu，ZHANG Yihu，YU Meiwan. Development of an in situ hydro-mechanical coupling true triaxial test system for fractured rock mass and its application. , 2020, 39(11): 2161-2171.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0452 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I11/2161

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