层理和预制裂纹方向对煤断裂力学性质影响规律试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0735

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摘要为研究层理和预制裂纹方向对煤断裂力学性质的耦合影响规律，对半圆(SCB)切槽煤样开展准静态加载试验，并对试样变形破坏过程中的声发射进行监测。将煤视为横观各向同性体，采用有限元软件标定了试样的形状因子，获取了更符合实际情况的断裂韧度。结果表明：不同层理和预制裂纹方向组合试样的加载曲线和断裂载荷差异显著。试样的断裂模式和断裂韧度受层理与预制裂纹方向共同影响。断裂韧度随层理与加载方向夹角变小而降低，而倾斜预制裂纹会进一步削弱试样抵抗裂纹扩展的能力。拉伸破坏主导了预制裂纹的起裂扩展过程，试样的扩展路径表现出显著的各向异性特征。根据最终裂纹形态，可将试样的宏观破坏模式分为4类。加载过程中试样产生的声发射与载荷–时间曲线相对应，由于发生破坏的结构不同，起裂后的撞击数随层理和预制裂纹方向改变发生明显变化。外载作用下，试样内部不断产生拉伸和剪切微裂纹而发生损伤，其损伤演化过程与层理和预制裂纹方向紧密相关。在不同加载水平区间内，拉伸微裂纹占据主导地位，剪切微裂纹占比相对较低；随着加载水平增加，微裂纹持续发育扩展，试样损伤不断累计，最终发生起裂破坏。

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	王伟1
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	赵毅鑫1
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	高艺瑞1
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	张村1
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关键词 ：岩石力学, 层理方向, 预制裂纹方向, 横观各向同性, 声发射

Abstract：To study the coupling influences of bedding and pre-crack directions on the fracture characteristics of coal，quasi-static loading experiments on SCB coal specimens with pre-crack were conducted，and the acoustic emissions during deformation and failure process were monitored. Regarding coal as a transversely isotropic body，the dimensionless factor was calibrated by finite element code，and the fracture toughness more in line with the actual situation was obtained. The results indicate that different combinations of bedding and pre-crack direction lead to significant differences in the loading curves and the fracture loads of specimens. In addition，the fracture modes and the fracture toughness are jointly affected by the bedding and the pre-crack direction. Meanwhile，the fracture toughness declines with decreasing the angle between the bedding and the loading direction，and the inclined pre-crack further weakens the resistance ability of specimens against crack propagation. Tensile failure dominates the crack initiation and propagation，and the propagation path of specimens shows significant anisotropy. According to the final crack morphology，the macroscopic failure modes of specimens can be divided into 4 types. The number of acoustic emission hits corresponds to the loading history，and the average total hit number at post-fracture load(including fracture load) stage varies obviously with the change of the pre-crack direction due to the different structure failure. Under external loading，specimens are damaged with tensile and shear micro-cracks continuously generating inside the specimens. The damage evolution is tightly related to the bedding and pre-crack directions. At different loading levels，tensile micro-cracks play a domination role，while the proportion of the shear micro-cracks is relatively low. With increasing the loading level，the micro-cracks continue to develop and propagate，and the damage of the specimens accumulates continuously，resulting in the crack initiation and failure.

Key words： rock mechanics bedding direction pre-crack direction transversely isotropic acoustic emission

引用本文:

王伟1，2，赵毅鑫1，2，高艺瑞1，2，张村1，2. 层理和预制裂纹方向对煤断裂力学性质影响规律试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(3): 433-445.
WANG Wei1，2，ZHAO Yixin1，2，GAO Yirui1，2，ZHANG Cun1，2. Experimental research of influences of bedding and pre-crack directions on fracture characteristics of coal. , 2022, 41(3): 433-445.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0735 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I3/433

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