MEMS惯性传感器在水库岸坡变形监测中的应用及仿真研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0632

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摘要提出一套使用微机电系统(Micro Electro-Mechanical System，简称MEMS)惯性传感器对水库岸坡变形进行实时监测的技术手段，在传统位移测量基础上增加了转动视角测量，可以更全面地观测坡体变形的三维运动状态。对于岸坡变形初期坡体的缓慢静态变形，采用微加速度计、微磁力计组成三维电子罗盘测定观测点在传感器安装位置三维方向上的重力加速度和磁场强度，运用惯性测量原理将所测的各轴向重力加速度分量和磁场强度分量解算为观测点的水平及竖直方向的旋转角度，参照全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)测量数据则可同时得到观测点的转动角度及平动位移；对岸坡开始加速变形至破坏阶段的坡体动态变形，用微加速度计和微陀螺仪组成的惯性测量单元测量观测点的线加速度和角速度，按照惯性导航原理将所测得的线加速度和角速度解算为观测点的运动速度和位移，进而实现滑坡快速预警。针对水库岸坡变形初期坡体静态变形监测的应用实例，对水库岸坡加速变形至破坏阶段坡体动态变形的惯性传感器测量进行了仿真模拟分析。实例监测和仿真模拟表明，应用惯性传感器测量技术对水库滑坡静态变形和动态变形进行实时监测方法可行，有助于充分了解边坡变形的实时状态。

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	李程1
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	宋胜武3
	孙进忠4

关键词 ：边坡工程, 微机电系统惯性传感器, 水库岸坡, 静态变形, 动态变形, 实时监测, 仿真模拟

Abstract：In order to provide a more comprehensive and effective new method for real-time monitoring of slope deformation，a set of technical methods for real-time monitoring of reservoir bank slope deformation using Micro Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS) inertial sensors is proposed. On the basis of the traditional displacement measurement，the rotation angle measurement is added in the proposed methods，which can more comprehensively observe the three-dimensional motion state of the slope deformation. To observe the slow static deformation of slope body at the initial stage of bank slope deformation，a three-dimensional electronic compass composed of a micro-accelerometer and a micro-magnetometer is used to measure the gravitational acceleration and magnetic field strength of the observation point in the three-dimensional direction of the installation position of the sensor. Using the principle of inertial measurement，the measured axial gravitational acceleration components and magnetic field strength components are converted into the horizontal and vertical rotation angles of the observation point. Furthermore，referring to the global navigation satellite system(GNSS) measurement data，the rotation angle and translational displacement of the observation point can be obtained at the same time. To observe the dynamic deformation of the slope body from the accelerated deformation of the bank slope to the failure stage，the linear acceleration and angular velocity of the observation point are measured by the inertial measurement unit composed of micro-accelerometer and micro-gyroscope. According to the principle of inertial navigation，the measured linear acceleration and angular velocity are converted into the motion velocity and displacement of the observation point. So that，the rapid early warning of the bank slope landslides is achieved. In this paper，an application example of the static deformation monitoring of the reservoir bank slope in the initial stage of deformation is given. Furthermore，the inertial sensor measurement of the dynamic deformation of the bank slope from the acceleration deformation to the failure stage is simulated and analyzed. The example monitoring and simulation results show that it is feasible to use the inertial sensor measurement technology to monitor the static and dynamic deformation of the reservoir landslide in real time，which is helpful to fully understand the real-time state of the slope deformation.

Key words： slope engineering MEMS inertial sensor reservoir landslide static deformation dynamic deformation real-time monitoring emulation and simulation

引用本文:

李程1，2，宋胜武3，孙进忠4. MEMS惯性传感器在水库岸坡变形监测中的应用及仿真研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(5): 1248-1258.
LI Cheng1，2，SONG Shengwu3，SUN Jinzhong4. Application and simulation research of MEMS inertial sensor in reservoir bank slope deformation monitoring#br#. , 2023, 42(5): 1248-1258.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0632 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I5/1248

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