冲击荷载下饱水凝灰岩断裂韧性及裂纹扩展分形特征研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0828

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摘要为探究冲击荷载作用下饱水凝灰岩断裂韧性及裂纹扩展分形特征，利用直径50 mm分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)装置对干燥及饱水直槽半圆弯曲凝灰岩试件(NSCB)开展不同冲击气压下I型动态断裂韧性试验，采用高速摄像装置获取试件裂纹扩展过程，并结合Image J图像分析软件及电子数码显微镜分析试件裂纹扩展走势及断口处细观结构。结果表明：试件断裂韧度与加载率间呈线性正相关，冲击气压为0.2，0.3，0.4 MPa时，干燥试件平均断裂韧度是饱水试件的1.08，1.10，1.10倍，饱水作用降低了试件抵抗裂纹扩展的能力，断裂韧度随之减小；冲击荷载作用下试件裂纹扩展速度先增大后迅速降低至平稳发展，裂纹扩展长度及张开宽度随时间增长不断增大，饱水作用对凝灰岩样裂纹扩展与张开均存在促进作用；随着冲击气压的增大，试件分形维数随之增加，0.2，0.3，0.4 MPa气压下饱水试件分形维数均值是干燥试件的1.08，1.14，1.13倍，饱水作用增大了试件裂纹扩展复杂程度；冲击荷载作用下裂纹沿试件的结构薄弱面发生扩展，结构薄弱面分布的任意性使裂纹扩展产生弯折效应，水的软化作用加剧了试件裂纹扩展过程中的弯折程度。

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	王浩1
	宗琦1
	汪海波1
	王梦想1
	徐颖1
	王峰1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 冲击荷载, 凝灰岩, 断裂韧度, 裂纹扩展, 分形维数, 细观结构

Abstract：In order to explore the fractal characteristics of fracture toughness and crack propagation of saturated tuff under impact loads，the 50 mm diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) was used to carry out type I dynamic fracture toughness tests on dry and saturated straight channel semicircular bending tuff specimens(NSCB) under different impact pressures. The crack propagation process of the specimen was acquired by a high-speed camera，and the crack propagation trend and the micro structure of the fracture were analyzed by Image J software and electronic digital microscope. The results show that there is a linear positive correlation between the fracture toughness of the specimen and the loading rate. When the impact pressure is 0.2，0.3and 0.4 MPa，the average fracture toughness of the dry specimen is 1.08，1.10 and 1.10 times that of the saturated specimen. Water saturation reduces the ability of the specimen to resist crack propagation，and the fracture toughness decreases accordingly. Under the impact load，the crack propagation speed of the specimen increases first and then decreases rapidly to a stable development. The crack propagation length and opening width increase continuously with the increase of time. Water saturation can promote the crack growth and opening of the tuff samples. With the increase of the impact air pressure，the fractal dimension of the specimen increases. The mean fractal dimension of the water-saturated specimens at 0.2，0.3 and 0.4 MPa is 1.08，1.14 and 1.13 times that of the dry specimens. The saturated water effect increases the complexity of crack propagation in the specimens. Under the action of impact load，the crack propagates along the structural weak surface of the specimen，and the arbitrary distribution of the structural weak surface causes the crack propagation to produce a bending effect. The softening effect of water aggravated the bending degree of the specimen during crack propagation.

Key words： rock mechanics impact load tuff fracture toughness crack propagation fractal dimension mesostructure

引用本文:

王浩1，宗琦1，汪海波1，王梦想1，徐颖1，王峰1，2. 冲击荷载下饱水凝灰岩断裂韧性及裂纹扩展分形特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(7): 1709-1719.
WANG Hao1，ZONG Qi1，WANG Haibo1，WANG Mengxiang1，XU Ying1，WANG Feng1，2. Fractal characteristics of fracture toughness and crack propagation#br# of saturated tuff under impact loads. , 2023, 42(7): 1709-1719.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0828 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I7/1709

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