压剪荷载下含单一裂隙砂岩的应变演化与破坏特征研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0742

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摘要对含单一预制裂隙砂岩试样开展压剪试验研究，借助数字图像相关(digital image correlation，DIC)技术记录并分析了加载过程中不同裂隙倾角砂岩试样的应变演化过程，从理论层面推导压剪荷载下翼裂纹起裂位置判据，结合扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy，SEM)技术分析不同破坏断口的微观形貌特征。试验结果表明：不同裂隙倾角对岩石峰值压剪荷载有不同的削弱程度，试样的变形演化过程可分为压密段、准弹性段、裂纹扩展与贯通段以及峰后段4个典型阶段；依据裂纹起裂位置及其扩展路径总结了5个典型应变集中区域：翼裂纹、反翼裂纹、次生裂纹及切向和法向边缘应变带。基于DIC技术，对不同裂隙倾角典型试样的关键应变集中区域进行了应变演化分析，发现压剪荷载下裂隙砂岩试样的新裂纹在演化过程中大多受到张拉和剪切共同作用；提出一种用于量化表征裂纹起裂机制中拉剪作用程度的裂纹主导参数(crack dominate parameter，CDP)，结果表明随着裂隙倾角的增大，反翼裂纹起裂机制中的剪切作用逐渐弱化，而次生裂纹的剪切程度逐渐增强；当倾角大于30°时，翼裂纹拉–剪混合起裂机制逐渐明显。基于最大环向应力理论，提出压剪荷载下翼裂纹起裂位置理论判据，且理论预测值与试样结果相吻合。SEM分析结果表明：当预制裂隙倾角从0°增大至30°时，翼裂纹微观断口形貌特征从粗糙变为相对光滑，而反翼裂纹、次生裂纹和边缘裂纹微观断口形貌则分别呈层状、平行状及条状形式。该研究结果有助于促进对裂隙岩体在压剪联合作用下的裂纹扩展与宏细观破坏特征的了解。

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	陈家嵘1
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	周昌台1
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	周韬1
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	朱建波1
	2
	谢和平1
	2
	3

关键词 ：岩石力学, 压剪荷载, 应变演化, 起裂机制, 数字图像相关技术, 裂纹主导参数

Abstract：To study the effect of flaw inclination angle on strain evolution and failure behavior of flawed rocks，a set of compressive-shear tests were conducted with red sandstones containing a single pre-existing flaw. The full-field strain evolution of flawed specimen was monitored，recorded and analyzed using digital image correlation (DIC) technique，a criterion was proposed to determine initiation position of wing crack under compressive-shear loading，and the fractography of rock fractures were examined using scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results show that the degree of deterioration of the peak compression-shear force on the specimen by pre-existing flaw depends on its flaw inclination angle，and the strain evolution processes of the flawed-specimens can be divided into four typical stages，including compaction stage，quasi-elastic stage，crack propagation and coalescence stage，and the post-peak stage. Based on the crack initiation locations，five typical strain concentration zones were summarized，including strain bands of wing crack，anti-wing crack，secondary crack，normal and tangential edge cracks，respectively. The DIC analysis of strain evolution at several key points of some typical specimens shows that the initiation and propagation of cracks were dominated by a mixed tension-shearing effect. A novel crack dominate parameter(CDP) was proposed to quantify the degree of tension and shearing effects on crack initiation mechanism. The results show that with increase of flaw inclination angle，the shearing effect on crack initiation mechanism of the anti-wing crack gradually decreases，while its effect on secondary crack increases. When the flaw inclination angle over 30°，the mixed tension-shearing effect gradually dominates the initiation mechanism of wing cracks. Based on circular maximum theory，a theoretical criterion was proposed to determine the initiation position of wing cracks under compressive-shear loading，and the theoretical predictions agree well with the experimental results. The SEM analysis of some typical fracture surfaces shows that the fractography of wing cracks changed from rough to relatively smooth when the flaw inclination angle increased from 0° to 30°，indicating enhancement of the tensile extent，while the fractography of anti-wing cracks，secondary cracks and edge cracks were presented in layered，parallel and strip forms，respectively. The findings of this study could facilitate understanding of cracking behavior of fractured rock mass subjected to compressive-shear loading.

Key words： rock mechanics compressive-shear loading strain evolution initiation mechanism digital image correlation(DIC) technique crack dominate parameter(CDP)

引用本文:

陈家嵘1，2，周昌台1，2，3，周韬1，2，朱建波1，2，谢和平1，2，3. 压剪荷载下含单一裂隙砂岩的应变演化与破坏特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(7): 1743-1758.
CHEN Jiarong1，2，ZHOU Changtai1，2，3，ZHOU Tao1，2，ZHU Jianbo1，2，XIE Heping1，2，3. Experimental study on strain evolution and failure behavior of sandstone containing a single pre-existing flaw under compressive-shear loading#br#. , 2023, 42(7): 1743-1758.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0742 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I7/1743

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