含结构面高陡边坡开挖卸荷应力响应物理模型试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1067

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摘要岩质边坡的失稳破坏受地质结构特征及人类活动等因素的影响显著。为探讨高陡边坡开挖卸荷过程中结构面对其应力变化的影响，基于相似理论开展均质和含结构面的高陡边坡开挖卸荷物理模型试验，研究模型初始应力场及开挖边坡内部应力响应规律，分析结构面对应力场的影响及其机制。结果表明：(1) 加载过程中，模型内部应力传导与结构面密切相关，应力通过结构面时会产生应力阻隔现象和应力集中现象；含结构面模型加载应力响应呈现出阶梯增加型、波动增加型和平缓增加型3种变化类型，应力传导过程可分为应力加载、应力调整和应力稳定3个阶段。(2) 加载完成后，应力由边界传导至模型内部时存在应力损失，均质模型中单位长度(1 cm)应力损失率为0.91%～1.17%，含结构面模型内应力损失现象更显著。(3) 边坡开挖过程中，模型内部应力呈现出了较为显著的应力分区(原岩应力区、应力降低区、应力增高区和高应力区)特征，并随着开挖的推进而动态调整，开挖完成后坡体应力降低幅度由靠近开挖面处向坡体内部逐渐趋缓。(4) 以开挖前后应力变化率为指标划分边坡应力区，结构面的存在使应力降低区、应力增高区和高应力区范围有所扩大，并且边坡内部应力分布与结构面和开挖面的空间位置密切相关。

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	王乐华1
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	黄天柱1
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	李建林1
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	周鑫1
	2
	许晓亮1
	2

关键词 ：边坡工程, 模型试验, 高陡边坡, 结构面, 应力响应, 应力分布

Abstract：The failure of rock slopes is significantly affected by factors such as geological structures and human activities. In order to explore the influence of structural planes on the stress change of high-steep slopes during excavation unloading，the physical model test for excavation unloading of high and steep slopes with homogeneous and structural planes was carried out based on similarity theory. The initial stress field of the model and the internal stress response law of the excavated slope were studied，and the influence of the structural plane on the stress field and its mechanism are analyzed. The results show that：(1) During the loading process，the internal stress conduction of the model is closely related to the structural plane. The phenomenon of stress isolation and stress concentration will occur when the stress passes through the structural plane. The loading stress response of the model with structural planes shows three types of change: step-increasing，fluctuating-increasing and steady-increasing. The stress conduction process can be divided into three stages：stress loading，stress adjustment and stress stabilization. (2) After the loading is completed，there is a stress loss when the stress is transmitted from the boundary to the interior of the model. The stress loss rate per unit length(1 cm) in the homogeneous model is 0.91% to 1.17%，and the internal stress loss phenomenon is more significant in the model containing structural planes. (3) During the excavation process of the slope，the internal stress of the model presents the characteristics of relatively significant stress zone(original rock stress zone，stress reduction zone，stress increase zone and high stress zone)，and the stress zone is dynamically adjusted with the advance of excavation. After the excavation is completed，the magnitude of stress reduction gradually slows down from near the excavation face to the inside of the slope. (4) The stress zone of the slope is divided according to the stress change rate before and after excavation. The existence of structural planes expands the range of stress-reduced zone，stress-increased zone and high-stress zone. The stress distribution of the slope is closely related to the spatial position of structural plane and the excavation face.

Key words： slope engineering model test high and steep slope structural plane stress response stress distribution

引用本文:

王乐华1，2，黄天柱1，2，李建林1，2，周鑫1，2，许晓亮1，2. 含结构面高陡边坡开挖卸荷应力响应物理模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(8): 1866-1877.
WANG Lehua1，2，HUANG Tianzhu1，2，LI Jianlin1，2，ZHOU Xin1，2，XU Xiaoliang1，2. Model test research on stress response of high and steep slopes with structural planes during excavation unloading. , 2023, 42(8): 1866-1877.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1067 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I8/1866

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