陆相页岩储层水平井无限级压裂工艺优化

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1230

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摘要相较于传统压裂工艺，新型无限级滑套压裂技术在非常规储层改造上已被证实具有诸多优势，包括层级改造均匀和级数不受限制。然而，基于此压裂工艺的裂缝扩展和诱导应力分布的主控因素仍未厘清。为此，以陆相页岩储层为例，基于离散格子法建立多裂缝扩展模型。通过对比射孔压裂与无限级压裂在不同页岩岩性、层理参数、压裂施工参数下的裂缝形态，针对无限级压裂的裂缝扩展规律展开定性与定量分析。结果表明，复杂岩性、发育的层理弱面以及应力阴影效应是造成射孔分段压裂各级裂缝扩展不均的主要原因。相较之下，无限级压裂不仅能克服陆相页岩储层的层理缝影响，还能形成更多有效裂缝、更均匀的单簇裂缝改造体积。此工艺的改造效果受储层岩性、分簇设计、施工排量及起始簇几何尺寸影响。当簇间距过大、排量过高、起始簇半径过大时，无限级压裂的改造效果变差。2种压裂工艺所产生的沿井筒方向诱导应力场分布也不同，无限级压裂形成的裂缝诱导应力场会叠加进而影响后续压裂作业。研究成果可为我国陆相页岩储层压裂工艺优化提供理论支撑与技术指导。

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	汤继周1
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	张卓1
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	张丰收3
	李玉伟4
	5
	刘堂晏1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 陆相页岩, 层理弱面, 压裂工艺, 离散格子方法, 诱导应力

Abstract：Compared with the traditional fracturing technologies，the recently developed unlimited stage sliding-sleeve fracturing has been proved to have many advantages during unconventional development，including uniform stimulated reservoir volume and unlimited stages. However，the controlling factors of fracture propagation and induced stress distribution of the unlimited stage fracturing have not been fully understood. For this reason，taking a continental shale formation as an example，the multi-fracture propagation models are established based on the discrete lattice method. By comparing the fracture morphology of perforation fracturing and unlimited staged fracturing under different conditions(continental shale lithology，bedding dimensional parameters，and fracturing engineering parameters)，the qualitative and quantitative analyses can be performed concerning the fracture propagation law of unlimited stage fracturing. The research results show that the complex lithology，developed bedding interfaces，and the stress shadow effect are responsible for uneven fracture propagation regarding the multi-stage perforation fracturing. The bedding plane aperture，bedding density and vertical distance between bedding plane and wellbore would affect the propagation law of perforated fractures in continental shale formation，resulting in the difference in the stimulated volume of each cluster. In contrast，the unlimited stage fracturing can not only neglect the influence of the bedding interfaces，but also form more effective fractures and more uniform reservoir stimulated volume. The positive effect of unlimited stage fracturing can be strengthened depending on the lithology，cluster design，pumping rate and geometry of initial fractures. The stimulation effect of unlimited stage fracturing would get weakened under conditions of large cluster spacing，high pumping rate，and large radius of initial cluster. The magnitude and the distribution of the induced stress along the wellbore direction vary between the two technologies. For unlimited stage fracturing，the induced stress field of the former clusters will overlap and influence the following fracturing work. The research outcomes can provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the optimization of the fracturing technologies of continental shale formation.

Key words： rock mechanics continental shale bedding plane fracturing technology lattice method induced stress

引用本文:

汤继周1，2，张卓1，2，张丰收3，李玉伟4，5，刘堂晏1，2. 陆相页岩储层水平井无限级压裂工艺优化[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(9): 2096-2108.
TANG Jizhou1，2，ZHANG Zhuo1，2，ZHANG Fengshou3，LI Yuwei4，5，LIU Tangyan1，2 . Optimization of unlimited stage fracturing technology for horizontal wells in continental shale formation. , 2023, 42(9): 2096-2108.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1230 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I9/2096

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