基于统一强度理论的围岩–锚杆(索)弹塑性耦合分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0097

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摘要基于统一强度理论和非关联流动法则，推导考虑岩体应变软化、锚杆(索)屈服强化特性以及支护时机的深埋圆形隧道围岩–预应力锚杆(索)协同耦合全过程解析理论，提出一种计算锚杆(索)位移差的解析方法并论证高地应力隧道中监测杆(索)体延伸率的必要性：锚杆(索)与围岩协同变形中产生位移差进而提供支护反力，采用延伸率安全裕度标准可实时判断并反馈锚杆(索)作用过程中支护结构的完整性和有效性。在通过Abaqus数值方法验证解析理论合理性的基础上，对比分析锚杆(索)支护下不同预应力量值、支护时机和中间主应力系数影响下的围岩特性曲线，结果表明：锚杆(索)能显著减小围岩收敛，施加预应力后，锚杆(索)支护下的围岩特性曲线出现“台阶”下降，这表明预应力锚杆(索)及时、有效降低了围岩平衡所需的支护力，且随着应力逐步释放，主、被动锚杆(索)先后进入屈服后应力低速增长阶段，因此不同预应力量值支护下围岩特性曲线逐渐趋近于一致；不同支护时机影响锚杆(索)的作用起点，支护越早其位移控制效果越显著，但也将产生更大的杆(索)体延伸率；中间主应力系数反映围岩自承载性能，增大该量值可从整体上提高锚杆(索)支护下的围岩变形控制性能，并通过围岩–锚杆(索)耦合作用降低杆(索)体延伸率。该研究为围岩–预应力锚杆(索)支护解析和支护结构安全性分析提供了一种理论计算方法，可为高地应力隧道弹塑性分析提供一定的思路。

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	汪波
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关键词 ：岩石力学, 统一强度理论, 屈服强化锚杆(索), 应变软化, 围岩&ndash, 锚杆(索)耦合, 位移差

Abstract：Based on the unified strength theory and non-associated flow rule，a whole-process analytical theory for the coupled deformation of deep circular tunnel surrounding rock and prestressed bolts(cables) system is derived，taking into account the strain softening characteristic of rock mass，the yield reinforced characteristics of bolts(cables) and the support timing. An analytical method for calculating the displacement difference of bolts(cables) is proposed，and the necessity of monitoring the elongation rate of bolts(cables) in high-stress tunnels is demonstrated：The displacement difference generated during the coordinated deformation of the bolts(cables) and the surrounding rock provides support resistance，thus the elongation rate safety margin standard can be used to assess the integrity and effectiveness of the support structure during the process of bolts(cables) action in real time. On the basis of verifying the rationality of the analytical theory through numerical simulation using Abaqus，the ground response curves(GRC) under bolts(cables) support with different prestressed，support timing，and intermediate principal stress coefficient are compared and analyzed. The results show that the bolts(cables) can significantly reduce the convergence of surrounding rock. With prestressed bolts support，the GRC exhibits a stepwise drop，which significantly and timely reduces the support force required for the equilibrium of surrounding rock. As the stress is gradually released，the active and passive bolts(cables) enter the stage of low-speed stress increase after yielding，and the GRC of surrounding rock under support of different prestresses gradually converge. The timing of support affects the starting point of the bolts(cables) function. The earlier the support，the more significant the displacement control effect，but it will also lead to a larger elongation rate of the bolts(cables). The intermediate principal stress coefficient reflects the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock，and increasing this value can improve the deformation control performance of the surrounding rock under bolts(cables) support as a whole，and reduce the elongation rate through the coupled function of the surrounding rock-bolts(cables) system. This study provides a theoretical and computational method for the analysis of prestressed bolts(cables) support and support structure safety in tunnel engineering，and can provide reference for convergence analysis of circular tunnels in underground engineering.

Key words： rock mechanics unified strength theory yield reinforced bolts(cables) strain softening surrounding rock-bolts(cables) coupling displacement difference

引用本文:

汪波，喻炜，訾信，董杰，严健. 基于统一强度理论的围岩–锚杆(索)弹塑性耦合分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(11): 2613-2627.
WANG Bo，YU Wei，ZI Xin，DONG Jie，YAN Jian. Elastoplastic coupling analysis of surrounding rock-anchor bolt(cable) based on unified strength theory. , 2023, 42(11): 2613-2627.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0097 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I11/2613

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