快速掘进工作面围岩分区平行锚固技术

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1315

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摘要为解决掘锚一体化快速掘进工作面围岩的有效支护问题，以黄陵矿2号井综采面运输巷为工程背景，在现场调研巷道掘进技术现状的基础上，提出分区平行锚固思路；采用数值模拟、工程实践的方法对掘进工作面分区平行锚固技术进行系统研究。数值模拟研究表明，掘进过程中巷道围岩应力重新分布，在工作面前方约3 m处出现应力峰值，成巷初期在工作面附近2 m范围内巷道浅部岩层仍处于三向应力状态，围岩变形及破坏幅度较小，在工作面后方约7 m位置围岩应力趋于相对稳定状态，在工作面后方约8 m位置围岩变形及破坏趋于相对稳定状态，掘进扰动影响后巷道顶板浅部岩体应力状态、主应力大小及方向发生根本变化，帮部浅部岩体主应力大幅度降低。基于此，提出分区平行锚固机制：在掘进工作面附近顶板浅部岩层仍具有一定垂直应力、帮部浅部岩层仍具有一定的水平应力、围岩变形破坏较小的范围内进行及时锚固，形成局部锚固系统，前部锚固的同时在工作面后方围岩趋于相对稳定的区域内安装剩余锚杆及锚索，形成整体锚固系统。结合实际开采技术条件，提出分区平行锚固技术方案，通过数值模拟对分布区平行锚固效果进行论证，确定掘进循环作业工艺及平行锚固工艺。实践表明，分区平行锚固技术保证了掘锚一体化快速掘进的顺利实施，巷道平均月进尺提高124%以上，平行作业时间提高至50%以上，显著提高了掘进效率；掘进期间锚固系统受力合理，巷道围岩整体稳定，为类似条件下掘锚一体化快速掘进巷道围岩的控制提供有效途径。

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	王琦1
	2
	3
	康红普1
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	王步康1
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	高富强1
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	史智元1
	4
	魏帅2
	3

关键词 ：采矿工程, 回采巷道, 掘进工作面, 快速掘进, 围岩控制, 分区平行锚固, 掘锚一体化

Abstract：In order to solve the surrounding rock support problems in rapid heading faces with heading and anchoring integration，taking the headgate in No. 2 Coal Mine of Huangling Mine as the engineering background，based on the field investigation of heading technology current situation，the idea of partitioned parallel anchoring is proposed，and the partitioned parallel anchoring technology in rapid heading face is systematic studied through numerical simulation and engineering practice. Numerical simulation results show that the surrounding rock stress of the entry is redistributed during excavation，the stress peak is about 3 m in front of heading face，the rock mass within and around the entry contour begin to deform at this position. The entry shallow rock strata within 2 m behind heading face are still in three-dimensional stress state，the surrounding rock deformation and damage amplitude are small at the initial stage of entry formation. The surrounding rock stress tend to be relatively stable at the position about 7 m behind heading face，while the surrounding rock deformation and failure tend to be relatively stable at the position about 8 m behind heading face. The stress state，the principal stress magnitude and direction in shallow rock of entry roof are changed fundamentally，and the principal stress in shallow rock of entry side is decreased significantly after excavation. On this basis，the mechanism of partitioned parallel anchoring is proposed：the surrounding rock near heading face should be anchored timely to form a local anchoring system within the range where the shallow strata of entry roof still have a certain vertical stress，the shallow strata of entry side still have a certain horizontal stress，and the deformation and damage of surrounding rock are small，at the same time，the remaining bolts and anchor cables are quickly installed in the relatively stable area behind heading face to form an integral anchoring system. Combined with the actual mining conditions，the partitioned parallel anchoring scheme is proposed，the effect of partitioned parallel anchoring is demonstrated by numerical simulation，and the heading cycle operation technology and parallel anchoring technology are determined. Practice shows that the partitioned parallel anchoring technology ensure the smooth implementation of rapid heading with heading and anchoring integration，the average monthly footage is increased by more than 124%，the parallel operation time is increased to more than 50%，and the heading efficiency is significantly improved. The stress of anchoring system is reasonable，the surrounding rock deformation is small，and the entry is stable as a whole，which provides effective alternative to control the surrounding rock in rapid heading faces with heading and anchoring integration under similar conditions.

Key words： mining engineering mining entry heading face rapid heading strata control partitioned parallel anchoring heading and anchoring integration

引用本文:

王琦1，2，3，康红普1，4，王步康1，2，3，高富强1，4，史智元1，4，魏帅2，3. 快速掘进工作面围岩分区平行锚固技术[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(11): 2739-2752.
WANG Qi1，2，3，KANG Hongpu1，4，WANG Bukang1，2，3，GAO Fuqiang1，4，SHI Zhiyuan1，4，WEI Shuai2，3. Research on surrounding rock partitioned parallel anchoring technology in rapid heading faces. , 2023, 42(11): 2739-2752.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1315 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I11/2739

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