基于应变软化的隧道锚渐进破坏过程探究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.1497

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摘要隧道锚的破坏模式可以揭示其承载力的组成和阶段特征，隧道锚渐进破坏过程及其最终破坏形态的研究是隧道锚领域的基本科学问题。为探究隧道锚在工程荷载下的渐进破坏过程，弄清该过程中锚岩系统承载特性，首先基于FLAC3D内置的应变软化本构，并借鉴边坡滑面搜索方法，成功追踪锚岩系统破裂面的产生、扩展过程，确定破裂面的最终形态。进而分析破裂面上岩体参数弱化规律以及附加应力随工程荷载的变化规律，同时也分析附加应力、抗剪力沿锚体轴向的分布规律。在此基础上深入剖析工程荷载下隧道锚的承载特性，所得主要结论如下：(1) 隧道锚的破坏具有明显的渐进特征，破坏面多自锚碇底端与围岩接触处启裂，并逐渐向上延伸至周围岩体，直至整体剪出。隧道锚的破坏模式既非沿锚–岩界面剪切破坏，也非圆台形破坏，而是自下而上整体呈下窄上宽的喇叭形。(2) 峰值承载力前，附加应力沿锚碇轴向近似呈梯形分布；越靠近锚碇底部，附加应力值越大；(3) 伴随着破坏过程，破坏面上强度参数逐步弱化，应力扰动区域内岩体参数也伴随发生不同程度的弱化，(4) 隧道锚渐进破坏过程中，隧道锚的承载力也在发生变化，依托工程的初始抗力为，极限承载力为 kN。

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	王东英1
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	汤华1
	尹小涛1
	邓琴1
	周万春3

关键词 ：隧道工程, 隧道锚, 渐进破坏, 力学参数弱化, 附加应力分布, 承载力

Abstract：The failure patterns of tunnel-type anchorage could reveal the component and stage characteristics of its bearing capacity. Also it is the fundamental scientific problems to study the progressive failure process and the destructive patterns of tunnel-type anchorage. In order to figure out the failure process and the bearing characteristics of tunnel-type anchorage，the strain-softening constitutive and the searching methods of slope critical slipping surface are applied to simulate the generation and evolution of the failure surface of tunnel-type anchorage. Then the failure mode is also acquired. Besides，the degradation process of the mechanical parameters of rock is studied as well. Also，the distribution of additional stress and shearing resistance along the axis of anchor plug are analyzed in this paper. Finally，the bearing characteristic of tunnel-type anchorage is in-deep analyzed. Some conclusions are draw as follows：(1) The failure of tunnel-type anchorage happens progressively. And the failure surface always generates from the bottom of the anchor plug and evolves towards the upper surrounding rock until the anchorage is pulled out totally. Notably，the failure pattern of the anchorage is neither the shear failure along the interface of anchor plug and the surrounding rock nor the cone-shaped failure，but the funnel-shape which is narrow in the bottom and wide in the top. (2) The distribution pattern of additional stress along the axis of anchor plug is similar to trapezoid before the uplift resistances of anchorage achieving the ultimate bearing capacity. And the closer to the bottom face of anchor plug，the greater the value of additional stress. (3) The mechanical parameters on the failure surface and surrounding rock where the stress is disturbed degrade gradually in the failure process. (4) The bearing capacity of tunnel-type anchorage also changes progressively with the failure process. And the initial resistance of the study project is while the ultimate bearing capacity is kN.

Key words： tunnelling engineering tunnel-type anchorage progressive failure degradation of mechanical parameters distribution of additional stress bearing capacity

引用本文:

王东英1，2，汤华1，尹小涛1，邓琴1，周万春3. 基于应变软化的隧道锚渐进破坏过程探究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(S2): 3448-3459.
WANG Dongying1，2，TANG Hua1，YIN Xiaotao1，DENG Qin1，ZHOU Wanchun3. Preliminary study on the progressive failure of tunnel-type anchorage based on strain-softening theory. , 2019, 38(S2): 3448-3459.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.1497 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/IS2/3448

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