运动场地地形条件对碎屑流动力特征的影响研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0490

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摘要碎屑流的运动距离和对结构的冲击作用力是评判致灾范围和破坏强度的重要指标，碎屑流运动地形条件是影响碎屑流的运动距离和冲击作用力的重要影响因素。根据山区建筑集聚分布的凹面型、坡脚型和阶梯型3类地形，结合室内模型试验和数值模拟，从能量演化的角度分析了运动场地地形条件对碎屑流运动、堆积距离和结构物受冲击作用的影响。结果表明：凹面型地形条件下，碎屑流的动能转化率更高，具有更远的运动距离，致灾范围更大，但对坡脚处的挡墙冲击作用力更小；阶梯型坡面地形条件下，碎屑流的动能转化率最低，碰撞耗能和摩擦耗能最大，运动距离更近，但对坡脚处的挡墙冲击作用力更大。碎屑流启动条件相同的情况下，随着挡墙距坡脚的距离的增加，阶梯型地形条件的挡墙所受峰值冲击力衰减程度最快；凹面型地形条件的峰值冲击力衰减程度最慢。研究结果可为滑坡、碎屑流等的防灾减灾风险评价和设计提供参考。

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	胡晓波1
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	姜元俊2

关键词 ：边坡工程, 运动场地地形条件, 能量演化, 冲击力, 碎屑流, 离散元

Abstract：The moving distance of the dry granular flow and its impact force on concrete structures are important indices to evaluate the disaster risk. The prime factor which plays an influential role in moving distance and impact force of dry granular flow is the topographic conditions. Based on the three topographic conditions(the concave topography，the slope-toe topography，and the tiered topography) of dry granular flow for a village in mountainous terrain，this paper analyzes the influence of topographic conditions on dry granular flow，accumulation distance and impact on structures，from the energy evolution point of view. The results indicate that，for concave topographic conditions，the kinetic energy conversion of the dry granular flow is higher with longer distance，the extent of damages is high and the impact force on the retaining wall at the toe of the slope is smaller. While for the slope-toe topography，the kinetic energy conversion rate of the dry granular flow is lower，the flow distance is shorter，the extent of damages is smaller and the impact force on retaining wall at the toe of the slope is higher. Under the same initialization mechanism of dry granular flow，the peak impact force for the tiered topography decreases faster than the concave topography，with the increase of distance between retaining wall and the toe of the slope. The results of this research can be a potential reference for the assessment of disaster risk mitigation and design of retaining structures for landslides or collapse granular flows.

Key words： slope engineering topography conditions energy evolution impact force granular flows discrete element modeling

引用本文:

胡晓波1，2，樊晓一3，4，姜元俊2. 运动场地地形条件对碎屑流动力特征的影响研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(S1): 2940-2953.
HU Xiaobo1，2，FAN Xiaoyi3，4，JIANG Yuanjun2. Study on the influence of topography conditions on the dynamic characteristics of dry granular flow. , 2020, 39(S1): 2940-2953.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0490 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/IS1/2940

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