跨活断层隧道断错灾变与防控技术研究现状和展望

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0441

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摘要跨活断层隧道/隧洞近年来在水利、公路、铁路、地铁等工程中不断出现，然而其断错灾变机制与防控技术的研究并没有跟上工程建设的发展。为此，搜集国内外已建跨活断层隧道/隧洞工程案例和遭遇地震断错破坏的案例，分析隧道在蠕滑、黏滑错动作用下的破坏过程与破坏特征，回顾隧道断错灾变机制研究所采用的工程地质模型、力学模型、错动位移模式，以及所采用的解析方法、数值模拟与物理模拟方法，并对已有断错防控措施及其设防原理进行总结。在上述研究的基础上，分别针对断错工程问题、断错灾变机制与断错防控措施进行讨论和展望，提出跨活断层铁路隧道断错防控不仅应考虑隧道结构安全，还应考虑围岩、路轨、线路和列车的安全，初步评估蠕滑、黏滑和近断层地震动对上述铁路隧道相关研究对象所产生的风险大小，认为应加强断层围岩错动力学性质演化、黏滑断错动力学模拟和线路断错曲线半径影响的研究，并分别给出铁路隧道设计和运营阶段应考虑的设计原则。研究结果对于跨活断层隧道/隧洞工程的设计、施工、运营、维护具有一定的参考价值。

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	朱勇
	周辉
	张传庆
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	张宁

关键词 ：隧道工程, 跨活断层隧道, 断错灾变机制, 断错防控, 蠕滑, 黏滑, 近断层地震动

Abstract：Tunnels crossing active faults have appeared in water conservancy，highway，railway and subway projects in recent years. However，the failure mechanism of tunnels under fault dislocation and prevention method don?t keep up with the development of engineering construction. Therefore，a comprehensive collection of domestic and foreign cases of tunnels that have been built across active faults and cases of earthquake fault damage were analyzed，and the failure process and characteristics of the tunnel under creeping and stick-slip dislocations were analyzed. A review of the engineering geological model，mechanical model，and dislocation displacement model adopted by the dislocation failure mechanism research of tunnels，as well as the analytical methods，numerical simulations and physical simulation methods used. The existing prevention and control measures and their principles are summarized. On the basis of the above research，the engineering problems，failure mechanism and prevention measures were discussed and prospected. It is proposed that railway tunnels across active faults should not only consider the safety of the tunnel structure，but also the safety of surrounding rocks，rails，lines and trains influenced by creeping，stick-slip，and ground motions of active faults. It is believed that the study of dynamic evolution of properties of fault surrounding rock，the dynamic simulation of stick-slip fault and the influence of the radius of the fault curve of the line should be strengthened. Some design principles of railway tunnels during design and operation phase are respectively given. The results have certain reference value for the design，construction，operation and maintenance of the tunnel project across active faults.

Key words： tunnelling engineering tunnel across active faults dislocation failure mechanism dislocation prevention method fault creep stick slip near-fault ground motion

引用本文:

朱勇，周辉，张传庆，沈贻欢，张宁. 跨活断层隧道断错灾变与防控技术研究现状和展望[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(S1): 2711-2724.
ZHU Yong，ZHOU Hui，ZHANG Chuanqing，SHEN Yihuan，ZHANG Ning. Review of research on dislocation failure mechanism and prevention method of tunnels across active faults. , 2022, 41(S1): 2711-2724.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0441 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/IS1/2711

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