基于图像测量的三轴流–固耦合试验平台的应用

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0113

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摘要为深入探究煤体在复杂应力条件下的渗流–力学耦合特性及其对煤矿工程安全的影响，从而为解决瓦斯灾害防治、煤层气高效开发以及围岩稳定性控制等关键问题提供理论依据和试验支撑，基于先进的图测技术，自主研发了一套高精度三轴流–固耦合试验系统。该系统通过集成多物理场传感模块、实时数据采集系统，实现了煤样在轴向压力、围压及渗流荷载耦合作用下的动态力学响应与渗流特性的同步监测与分析。首先，阐述了系统的核心组成与工作原理，包括三轴加载装置、渗流压力控制系统、数字图像采集单元及数据处理算法；其次，通过设计不同应力路径和渗流条件下的煤体破坏试验，结合图测技术的非接触式应变测量与全场变形可视化功能，揭示了煤体变形–渗流协同演化规律及其灾变机制。试验结果表明，该系统能够精准捕捉煤体裂隙萌生、扩展至贯通的全过程渗流–力学参数变化，定量表征了有效应力系数、渗透率动态演化等关键指标，为建立更完善的流–固耦合理论模型提供了试验基础。此外，基于图测技术的智能化分析方法显著提高了数据采集效率与可靠性，克服了传统点式测量的局限性。不仅为深部煤炭资源安全开采与瓦斯抽采优化提供了重要的技术手段，也为类似地下工程的流–固耦合问题研究提供了可借鉴的方法。

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	王晓琪1
	2
	齐消寒1
	2
	马恒1
	2
	高科1
	2
	董建军1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学；图像测量技术；能量耗散；流&ndash, 固耦合；渗透率；三轴试验

Abstract：Aiming to investigate the seepage-mechanics coupling characteristics of coal under complex stress conditions and their impact on coal mine engineering safety, and providing theoretical and experimental support for key issues such as gas disaster prevention, efficient coalbed methane development, and surrounding rock stability control, a high-precision triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system was independently developed based on advanced image measurement technology, By integrating multi-physical field sensing modules and a real-time data acquisition system, this system enables synchronous monitoring and analysis of the dynamic mechanical responses and seepage characteristics of coal samples under coupled axial pressure, confining pressure, and seepage loading. The research first elaborates on the core components and working principles of the system, including the triaxial loading device, seepage pressure control system, digital image acquisition unit, and data processing algorithms. Subsequently, through coal failure tests designed under different stress paths and seepage conditions, combined with the non-contact strain measurement and full-field deformation visualization capabilities of image measurement technology, the study reveals the synergistic evolution laws and disaster mechanisms of coal deformation and seepage. The experimental results demonstrate that the system can accurately capture the changes in seepage-mechanics parameters during the entire process of coal fracture initiation, propagation, and penetration, quantitatively characterizing key indicators such as effective stress coefficients and dynamic permeability evolution. This provides an experimental basis for establishing a more comprehensive fluid-solid coupling theoretical model. Furthermore, the intelligent analysis method based on image measurement technology significantly improves data acquisition efficiency and reliability, overcoming the limitations of traditional point-based measurements. This study not only provides an important technical approach for the safe mining of deep coal resources and the optimization of gas extraction but also offers a referential methodology for research on fluid-solid coupling issues in similar underground engineering projects.

Key words： rock mechanics image measurement technology energy dissipation fluid-solid coupling permeability triaxial test

引用本文:

王晓琪1，2，齐消寒1，2，马恒1，2，高科1，2，董建军1，2. 基于图像测量的三轴流–固耦合试验平台的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(9): 2360-2378.
WANG Xiaoqi1, 2, QI Xiaohan1, 2, MA Heng1, 2, GAO Ke1, 2, DONG Jianjun1, 2. Application of the image-based measurement triaxial fluid-solid coupling experimental platform. , 2025, 44(9): 2360-2378.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0113 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I9/2360

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