Anisotropic swelling behavior and three-dimensional constitutive model of red-bed mudstone
LIU Zihang1, 2, HUANG Kang1, 3, DAI Zhangjun1, YANG Lanqiang4, ZHOU Zhe1, 2, GUO Jianhua1, 5, YU Fei1, CHEN Shanxiong1#br#
(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China; 4. Ningbo Urban Construction Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China; 5. Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Corporation, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China)
摘要The significant swelling characteristics of red-bed mudstone often lead to uplift deformation in high-speed railway subgrades, highlighting the urgent need for in-depth research into the coupled mechanisms of water absorption and swelling. This study investigates the anisotropic characteristics and time-dependent evolution of swelling deformation in red-bed mudstone from Central Sichuan through hygroscopicity tests, triaxial swelling rate tests, and swelling pressure tests. The results indicate that key physical and mechanical properties of red-bed mudstone—such as saturated water content, swelling pressure, and clay mineral content—exceed the thresholds for identifying swelling rocks, thus demonstrating a notable swelling potential. The swelling deformation exhibits significant anisotropy, with the swelling rate in the direction perpendicular to the bedding plane being markedly higher than that in the parallel direction, which can be attributed to the oriented arrangement of microscopic clay minerals. Following water absorption, the swelling process of red-bed mudstone can be categorized into three stages: rapid growth, slow development, and stabilization. The swelling rate, swelling pressure, and water absorption rate all exhibit a negative exponential time-dependent evolution pattern. Lateral constraints significantly inhibit water absorption and delay crack propagation. Utilizing the humidity stress field theory and the creep constitutive framework, a saturation variable is introduced to develop a three-dimensional swelling constitutive model for red-bed mudstone, establishing a quantitative relationship between swelling strain and saturation state. The findings of this research provide theoretical support for multi-field coupling analysis and the prevention of subgrade deformation in red-bed regions.
Abstract：The significant swelling characteristics of red-bed mudstone often lead to uplift deformation in high-speed railway subgrades, highlighting the urgent need for in-depth research into the coupled mechanisms of water absorption and swelling. This study investigates the anisotropic characteristics and time-dependent evolution of swelling deformation in red-bed mudstone from Central Sichuan through hygroscopicity tests, triaxial swelling rate tests, and swelling pressure tests. The results indicate that key physical and mechanical properties of red-bed mudstone—such as saturated water content, swelling pressure, and clay mineral content—exceed the thresholds for identifying swelling rocks, thus demonstrating a notable swelling potential. The swelling deformation exhibits significant anisotropy, with the swelling rate in the direction perpendicular to the bedding plane being markedly higher than that in the parallel direction, which can be attributed to the oriented arrangement of microscopic clay minerals. Following water absorption, the swelling process of red-bed mudstone can be categorized into three stages: rapid growth, slow development, and stabilization. The swelling rate, swelling pressure, and water absorption rate all exhibit a negative exponential time-dependent evolution pattern. Lateral constraints significantly inhibit water absorption and delay crack propagation. Utilizing the humidity stress field theory and the creep constitutive framework, a saturation variable is introduced to develop a three-dimensional swelling constitutive model for red-bed mudstone, establishing a quantitative relationship between swelling strain and saturation state. The findings of this research provide theoretical support for multi-field coupling analysis and the prevention of subgrade deformation in red-bed regions.
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2025, Vol. 44 
