基于污染物二维迁移简明解析解的填埋场渗沥液外漏污染范围预测

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0174

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摘要填埋场渗沥液外漏会引发污染物迁移，这会给邻近环境带来生态破坏风险。针对填埋场渗沥液外漏污染范围预测这一关键问题，首先，利用分离变量等数学方法，求得水平厚度无限大的土体介质中污染物二维迁移简明解析解，其可作为一个实用工具初步预测渗沥液外漏所引起的污染范围；其次，通过与2个已有解析解和数值计算结果比较，验证所得解析解。最后，以甲苯为特征污染物，基于所定义的平均污染距离和最大污染距离，预测污染年限等因素对污染范围影响。结果表明：尽管外漏渗沥液中污染物浓度分布的不均匀性增大会缩短平均污染距离，但其也会延长最大污染距离。相较于浓度均匀分布场景，浓度不均匀分布场景下最大污染距离可增大10.5%。平均污染距离和最大污染距离均会因污染年限增加而显著增大。当该年限从1 a增大到3 a时，平均污染距离可增大133.0%。填埋场外侧土体的水力渗透系数增加会使两类污染距离显著增大，且该系数增加一个数量级可使两者增大5倍以上。在采取相关污染防治措施时，既应考虑外漏渗沥液中污染物浓度分布的不均匀性对最大污染距离影响，也应考虑前期污染特征对后续污染防治效果影响。总的来说，本研究有助于促进填埋场渗沥液外漏污染防治工作的展开。

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	江文豪1
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	田川1
	李江山2
	王平2
	王浩1*

关键词 ：环境污染, 渗沥液外漏, 污染范围预测, 污染物二维迁移, 简明解析解, 填埋场

Abstract：Landfill leachate leakage causes pollutant migration, posing a risk of ecological damage to the surrounding environment. To address the key challenge of predicting the contamination range caused by leachate leakage, this study employs mathematical methods, including separation of variables, to derive a concise analytical solution for two-dimensional pollutant migration in a soil medium with infinite horizontal extent. The solution provides a practical tool for preliminary prediction of the contamination range resulting from leachate leakage. The derived analytical solution is then verified by comparison with two existing analytical solutions and the results of numerical simulations. Finally, using toluene as a representative pollutant, the effects of factors such as leakage duration on the contamination range are predicted based on the defined average and maximum contamination distances. The results show that, although increasing the spatial nonuniformity of pollutant concentrations in the leaked leachate reduces the average contamination distance, it increases the maximum contamination distance. Compared with the scenario involving a uniform concentration distribution, the maximum contamination distance can increase by 10.5% under a nonuniform concentration distribution. Both the average and maximum contamination distances increase markedly with leakage duration. When the leakage duration increases from 1 to 3 years, the average contamination distance increases by 133.0%. An increase in the hydraulic conductivity of the soil surrounding the landfill also substantially increases both contamination distances; a tenfold increase in hydraulic conductivity can increase them by more than fivefold. Therefore, related pollution prevention and control measures should account for both the effect of concentration nonuniformity in the leaked leachate on the maximum contamination distance and the influence of pre-existing contamination conditions on the subsequent effectiveness of these measures. Overall, this study contributes to the effective implementation of pollution prevention and control measures for landfill leachate leakage.

Key words： environmental pollution leakage of leachate contamination range prediction two-dimensional pollutant migration concise analytical solution landfill

引用本文:

江文豪1，2，田川1，李江山2，王平2，王浩1*. 基于污染物二维迁移简明解析解的填埋场渗沥液外漏污染范围预测[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(11): 3281-3293.
JIANG Wenhao1, 2, TIAN Chuan1, LI Jiangshan2, WANG Ping2, WANG Hao1*. Prediction of the contamination range of landfill leachate leakage based on the concise analytical solution for two-dimensional pollutant migration. , 2026, 45(11): 3281-3293.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0174 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2026/V45/I11/3281

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