“5·12”汶川地震崩塌滑坡危险性评价—— 以都汶公路沿线为例

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摘要择地震极重灾区(都汶公路沿线)作为研究区域，利用遥感影像解译和野外调查数据，采用信息量方法，分析地震崩塌滑坡对影响因子的敏感性，结合GIS技术评价地震崩塌滑坡的危险性。研究表明，都汶公路沿线最利于地震崩塌滑坡的条件为：(1) 坡度：大于35°；(2) 坡向：E，ES和S坡向；(3) 坡面粗糙度：大于1.15；(4) 距断层距离：5～20 km；(5) 土地利用类型：林地、灌木林地和疏林地；(6) 地层岩性：元古代闪长岩、元古代斜长花岗岩、元古界玄武岩、安山岩、石炭系灰岩、泥灰岩和志留系灰绿色千枚岩及石灰岩，尤其是元古界玄武岩和安山岩。利用信息量综合因子叠加技术，对研究区域崩塌滑坡体进行危险性评价，并将其分为极高度危险区、高度危险区、中度危险区、轻度危险区以及基本无危险区。危险性评价结果表明：研究区域大部分处于中度危险区、高度危险区、极高度危险区，三者面积占总面积的70.34%，其中极高度危险区占到总面积的19.15%，范围较大，在公路修复和重新规划建设中应加强预防这些区域发生崩塌滑坡；基本无危险区范围较小，仅占总面积的11.81%；在分布特征上，极高度危险区和高度危险区主要分布在映秀至草坡河段上，草坡河至汶川段大部分处于轻度危险区及以下。研究结果可为震后公路恢复、重建及灾区重建提供科学指导与技术支持。

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关键词 ：边坡工程；&ldquo, 5·, 12&rdquo, 汶川地震；崩塌滑坡；都汶公路；信息量法；危险性评价

Abstract：Dujiangyan—Wenchuan highway，the serious quake-hit area，was selected as the investigative object to assess the risks of collapses and landslides caused by “5·12” Wenchuan earthquake along the highway，and the sensitivities of collapses and landslides to their impact factors were analyzed by the method of information acquisition analysis. Then，based on remote sense image interpretation and field investigation data，the risks of these geo-hazards were assessed by GIS. The results show that collapses and landslides easily occurr under the following natural conditions：(1) slope gradient：＞35°；(2) slope aspect：east，southeast and south；(3) surface roughness：＞1.15；(4) the distance to the main fault：5–20 km；(5) land use type：forest，woodland and shrub forest；(6) stratum and lithology：proterozoic diorite，plagiogranite，basalt and andesite，carboniferous limestone and marl and Silurian gray green phyllite and limestone，especially the proterozoic basalt and andesite. The hazard assessment results were given in terms of overlaying the information value of each factor，and then the assessment results were divided into five grades：high intense risk zone，higher risk zone，moderate zone，light risk zone and no risk zone. It is found that the moderate，higher and high intense risk zones account for 70.34% of the study area，the high intense risk zone accounts for 19.15%，and no risk zone only accounts for 11.81%. The high intense and higher risk zones mainly distribute in the areas from Yingxiu to Caopo River and the light risk zone and below light risk zones mostly locate in the section of Caopo River—Wenchuan. The presented results provide a scientific basis for the prevention，elusion and mitigation of geo-hazards and support the recovery and reconstruction of Dujiangyan—Wenchuan highway.

Key words： slope engineering；“5·12&rdquo Wenchuan earthquake；collapses and landslides；Dujiangyan—Wenchuan highway；information acquisition analysis；risk assessment

引用本文:

庄建琦1，2，崔鹏1，葛永刚1，朱颖彦1，刘应辉3，裴来政1，2. “5·12”汶川地震崩塌滑坡危险性评价—— 以都汶公路沿线为例[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2010, 29(S2): 3735-3742.
ZHUANG Jianqi1，2，CUI Peng1，GE Yonggang1，ZHU Yingyan1，LIU Yinghui3，PEI Laizheng1，2. RISK ASSESSMENT OF COLLAPSES AND LANDSLIDES CAUSED BY 5.12 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE—A CASE STUDY OF DUJIANGYAN—WENCHUAN HIGHWAY. , 2010, 29(S2): 3735-3742.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2010/V29/IS2/3735

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