基于跟动加载的岩体结构面抗剪强度试验仪研制

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0274

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摘要结构面抗剪强度是岩体工程稳定性分析的关键参数，试验仪器是精确获取该参数的前提。由于当前抗剪强度试验仪在加载方法、约束条件及控制策略的差异，同一岩体结构面试样所获得的测试结果存在一定程度的区别。基于抗剪强度试验标准规定的测试原理，开发法向荷载跟动加载技术、切向对中加载技术和多模态力位转换控制技术，自主研制一种新型岩体结构面抗剪强度试验仪。为验证其精度及可靠性，开展一批平直及起伏结构面试样的抗剪强度试验研究，结果表明：试验仪能满足试样滑移过程较大自由度条件下的实时对中加载且具有较小的加载机构摩擦阻力，对比常规“上剪”试验方法，所获得的剪切荷载曲线更平滑且结果更加合理；对比常规“下剪”试验方法，所获得的剪切荷载曲线更能体现结构面形貌的影响；能模拟直剪试验中应力积聚、应力释放和应力保持等全过程不同阶段的多模态力位转换控制，对比普遍采用的切向全过程等速率位移控制方法，可精确获取峰值抗剪强度且测试数据稳定，研究结果为试验研究和相关试验仪的开发提供理论及技术支持。

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	吕原君1
	杜时贵1
	朱佳云1
	唐志成2
	罗战友1
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关键词 ：岩石力学, 岩体结构面, 直剪试验, 峰值抗剪强度, 跟动加载, 多模态控制

Abstract：The shear strength of rock joints is a critical parameter for the stability analysis of rock engineering, and the use of experimental instruments is essential for accurately determining this parameter. Due to variations in loading methods, constraints, and control strategies among current shear strength testers, discrepancies can arise in test results obtained from the same rock sample. Based on the testing principles outlined in shear strength testing standards, technologies such as normal load-following loading, tangential centering loading, and multimodal force-position conversion control have been proposed, leading to the development of an innovative rock joint shear strength tester. To validate its accuracy and reliability, an experimental study was conducted on the shear strength of a series of flat and undulating structural samples. The results indicated that the tester effectively achieves real-time centering loading under conditions of significant freedom during the slip process of the sample, while exhibiting minimal frictional resistance in the loading mechanisms. Compared to the conventional “upper shear” test method, the shear load curve obtained is smoother and yields more reasonable results. In comparison to the traditional “lower shear” test method, the shear load curve more accurately reflects the influence of structural surface morphology. The multimodal force-position conversion control method simulates the entire process of stress accumulation, release, and maintenance during direct shear tests at various stages, allowing for the precise acquisition of peak shear strength and stable test data, in contrast to the tangential constant rate displacement control method. The findings of this research provide theoretical and technical support for experimental investigations and the development of related testing instruments.

Key words： rock mechanics rock joint direct shear test peak shear strength follow-up loading multimodal control

引用本文:

吕原君1，杜时贵1，朱佳云1，唐志成2，罗战友1，2. 基于跟动加载的岩体结构面抗剪强度试验仪研制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(12): 3287-3301.
LYU Yuanjun1, DU Shigui1, ZHU Jiayun1, TANG Zhicheng2, LUO Zhanyou1, 2. Development of a rock joint shear strength tester based on follow-up loading. , 2025, 44(12): 3287-3301.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0274 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I12/3287

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