Analytical method and mechanism of rock breaking considering the coupling effect of blasting stress waves and blasting gas
XIE Kunru1, 2, LI Haibo1, 2, CHEN Peishuai3, JI Fuquan3, LIU Liwang4, LI Xiaofeng1, 2*
(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. CCCC
Second Harbour Engineering Company Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430040, China; 4. School of Safety Science and
Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China)
Abstract：Understanding the mechanisms of rock fragmentation caused by blasting gas during explosive loading is crucial for optimizing blasting design and achieving precision blasting. In this study, we develop a theoretical model for rock fracturing that accounts for the combined effects of explosive stress waves and blasting gas. We propose an analytical method for determining gas volume and pressure based on crack opening displacement and the gas equation of state. This model is integrated into a finite-discrete element solver to analyze the rock-breaking process driven collaboratively by stress waves and blasting gas. The results indicate that stress waves and blasting gas play fundamentally different roles in rock fracturing. Enhanced stress-wave loading increases the crushed zone but has a limited impact on the fracture zone. In contrast, an increase in blasting gas pressure leads to longer primary cracks and significant expansion of the fracture zone, while the crushed zone remains nearly unchanged due to the restraining effect of the gas. Stress waves dominate the peak particle velocity (PPV), and increasing the charge weight amplifies the contribution of stress waves, resulting in higher PPV in the surrounding rock. The contribution of blasting gas to PPV is modest, ranging from approximately 1% to 15%, and this contribution diminishes further with increasing charge weight. By introducing a gas-pressure correction term into the Sadovskii formula, we establish a relationship among PPV, charge weight, scaled distance, and gas pressure, quantifying the respective contributions of stress waves and blasting gas to blasting-induced damage and vibration. These findings provide a valuable reference for controlling blasting-related dynamic hazards in engineering practice.
谢坤汝1，2，李海波1，2，陈培帅3，姬付全3，刘黎旺4，李晓锋1，2*. 爆破应力波与爆生气体协同破岩机制及分析方法研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(5): 1524-1537.
XIE Kunru1, 2, LI Haibo1, 2, CHEN Peishuai3, JI Fuquan3, LIU Liwang4, LI Xiaofeng1, 2*. Analytical method and mechanism of rock breaking considering the coupling effect of blasting stress waves and blasting gas. , 2026, 45(5): 1524-1537.
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2026, Vol. 45 
