地外滑坡基本特征与流动性对比研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0019

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摘要太阳系固态天体上广泛发育滑坡，不同天体重力与地质环境存在差异，地外滑坡因此呈现显著不同的特征。目前关于地外滑坡的研究相对匮乏，不同天体环境下的滑坡特征尚无对比研究。通过收集前人的研究成果和相关公开数据，系统总结并分析太阳系内不同地外滑坡的类型、分布特征、诱发因素及流动性特征。结果表明，地外滑坡类型多样，主要可分为崩塌型、滑移型、流动型、扩散型、蠕变型和复合型6种。不同天体的地外滑坡分布差异显著，主要受地形地貌、内外动力地质作用以及重力等因素影响。地外滑坡的主要诱发因素包括重力、内源震动、撞击、固–液相互作用、热应力风化和气体升华等。研究还发现，重力加速度水平显著影响滑坡的流动性和体积，低重力环境下，滑坡流动性增强、体积增大。此外，不同天体滑坡均表现出显著的体积效应，即滑坡体积增大，流动性增强；且重力加速度越大，体积效应越显著。研究成果可为认识地外滑坡基本特征、揭示地外天体演化规律、指导探测器着陆以及地外天体长期基地的选址等提供一定的参考。

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	张晨阳1
	殷跃平2
	黄雨3
	崔一飞4
	邢爱国5
	郑虎3
	赵海峰6
	7
	袁子豪6
	7
	赵奇1*

关键词 ：地外滑坡, 滑坡分类, 分布特征, 诱发因素, 流动性

Abstract：Landslides are widely observed on various solid celestial bodies in the solar system, the characteristics of which vary markedly under different gravity and geological environments across these bodies. However, a comprehensive review addressing the classification, distribution, triggering mechanisms, and mobility of extraterrestrial landslides remains lacking. This study systematically examines the classification, spatial distribution, triggering factors, and mobility of landslides on various solid celestial bodies. The results indicate that extraterrestrial landslides are diverse, and can be primarily classified as collapse, sliding, flow, spread, creep, and compound types. The distribution of landslides varies significantly among different bodies, primarily influenced by topography, geological processes, and gravity. The main triggering factors for extraterrestrial landslides include gravity, seismic activity, impact events, fluid-solid interactions, thermal stress weathering, and gas sublimation. The study further reveals that changes in gravitational acceleration significantly affect landslide mobility and volume; lower gravitational acceleration increases mobility and volume of landslides. Additionally, landslides on different bodies exhibit a pronounced volume effect that increased landslide volume corresponds to enhanced mobility. The greater the gravity, the stronger the volume effect. The findings of this study provide fundamental insights into the characteristics of extraterrestrial landslides and offer valuable reference for future spacecraft landings and long-term base site selection on extraterrestrial bodies.

Key words： extraterrestrial landslides landslide classification distribution characteristics triggering factors flow mobility

引用本文:

张晨阳1，殷跃平2，黄雨3，崔一飞4，邢爱国5，郑虎3，赵海峰6，7，袁子豪6，7，赵奇1*. 地外滑坡基本特征与流动性对比研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(9): 2766-2780.
ZHANG Chenyang1, YIN Yueping2, HUANG Yu3, CUI Yifei4, XING Aiguo5, ZHENG Hu3, ZHAO Haifeng6，7, YUAN Zihao6，7, ZHAO Qi1*. Characteristics and mobility of extraterrestrial landslides. , 2026, 45(9): 2766-2780.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0019 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2026/V45/I9/2766

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