爆破震动与岩石破裂微震信号能量分布特征研究

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摘要以矿山现场微震数据为基础，选取矿山爆破震动信号与岩石破裂微震信号对比研究。首先，运用Matlab的小波包分析模块对微震信号进行5层多尺度分解，分别求取各节点处重构信号的小波包频带能量，对爆破震动信号与岩石破裂信号的频带能量分布特征进行研究；其次，通过建立新的频带空间，对比二者的能量分布特征。结果表明，矿山现场微震信号的频带能量分布特征为：岩体破裂信号的能量多集中于S5，0～S5，7低频频带(0～125 Hz)，爆破震动信号的能量则在S5，24～S5，31频带(375～500 Hz)表现得较为集中。该分析方法为矿山识别爆破震动事件与岩石破裂事件提供了一种思路，利用二者能量分布差异大、特征对比明显的特点，通过对比新频带空间内的能量分布特征，可以实现对两类微震波形的初步辨识。

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关键词 ：采矿工程, 微震, 爆破震动, 岩石破裂, 小波包, 频带能量

Abstract：Based on in-situ microseismic data，the features of blasting vibration and rock fracture microseismic signals were studied. Firstly，using the wavelet packet analysis method，the microseismic signals were decomposed into 5 multi-scale，32 frequency bands to calculate the signals energy under different bands. Secondly，via building 4 new frequency bands to compare the rock fracture signals and blasting vibration signals，the energy distribution was different，and the contrasting characteristics was more obvious. The results indicate that the frequency band energy distribution character of microseismic signals in mine field are as follows：the energy of rock fracture signals was concentrated in S5，0–S5，7 bands(0–125 Hz)；blasting vibration signal was more obviously concentrated in S5，24–S5，31 bands(375–500 Hz). This analysis procedure provides a new method for recognizing blasting vibration and rock fracture signals，and the calculated distribution feature of signals energy can be used to recognize microseismic waveforms as feature index.

Key words： mining engineering microseismic blasting vibration rock fracture wavelet packet band energy

收稿日期: 2011-09-15

引用本文:

朱权洁1，姜福兴1，于正兴1，尹永明1，吕垒2. 爆破震动与岩石破裂微震信号能量分布特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(4): 723-730.
ZHU Quanjie1，JIANG Fuxing1，YU Zhengxing1，YIN Yongming1，LU Lei2. STUDY ON ENERGY DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERS ABOUT BLASTING VIBRATION AND ROCK FRACTURE MICROSEISMIC SIGNAL. , 2012, 31(4): 723-730.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2012/V31/I4/723

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