铁、石墨、铜和铝电极的电渗对比试验研究

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摘要采用典型的杭州软土，分别在1.58，0.79以及0.53 V/cm的电势梯度下，对铁、石墨、铜和铝电极在电渗过程中的表现进行室内试验研究，从排水量、有效电势、电渗后土体含水量的分布和能耗4个方面对上述4种电极的电渗效果进行分析。结果表明：随着电势梯度的降低，铁、石墨、铜和铝电极电渗效果的差异会逐渐减小；在较高的电势梯度下，铁和石墨电极表现相当，比铜电极要好得多，而在较低的电势梯度下，铁电极的电渗效果优于石墨电极，但二者的表现均略逊于铜电极，铝电极的电渗效果始终是最差的。对比本文与已有研究结果可以得出：较高电势梯度下石墨电极表现较好，而较低电势梯度下石墨电极表现不如铁或铜电极。实际工程中，应针对具体的土壤类型分析其矿物成分或离子组分后再选用最优的电极材料。对于浙江沿海地区软土的电渗加固，建议优先采用铁电极，不推荐采用铝电极。

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关键词 ：土力学, 电极材料, 电渗, 排水量, 有效电势, 含水量, 能耗

Abstract：Laboratory tests of typical Hangzhou soft soil were conducted to investigate the electroosmosis effects of ferrum，graphite，copper and aluminum electrode under the voltage gradient of 1.58，0.79 and 0.53 V/cm respectively. By monitoring and analyzing drainage，effective voltage，water content reduction and energy consumed of each test，the following conclusions were drawn. Differences of the electroosmosis effects of ferrum，graphite，copper and aluminum electrode decrease with the drop of voltage gradient. Under higher voltage gradient，ferrum and graphite electrode performs quite accordance and their electroosmosis effects are much better than copper electrode. While with a relative lower voltage gradient，copper electrode displays slightly better than ferrum electrode，which again has a better performance over graphite electrode. Aluminum electrode represents the worst performance under all circumstances investigated. The conclusions can be reached by comparing the above results with former results that graphite electrode occupies a better performance over ferrum and copper electrode under higher voltage gradient，while performs worse than the other two electrodes under lower voltage gradient. In the real practice，the mineral constituent or ionic composition of the soil should be analyzed to select the optimum electrode material. Moreover，ferrum electrode is recommended as a preferential alternative in the electroosmosis strengthening of the soft soil in the coastal area of Zhejiang Province，while aluminum electrode is not suggested.

Key words： soil mechanics electrode materials electroosmosis drainage effective voltage water content consumed energy

收稿日期: 2012-06-14

引用本文:

陶燕丽1，2，周建1，龚晓南1. 铁、石墨、铜和铝电极的电渗对比试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2013, 32(s2): 3355-3362.
TAO Yanli1，2，ZHOU Jian1，GONG Xiaonan1. COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENT OF ELECTROOSMOSIS OF FERRUM，GRAPHITE，COPPER AND ALUMINUM ELECTRODE. , 2013, 32(s2): 3355-3362.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2013/V32/Is2/3355

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