三函数四指标矿震信号S波到时拾取方法及应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0933

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摘要 S波到时拾取是微震监测技术中基础而又关键的环节，其拾取速度和精度直接影响到矿山震源机制分析、微震活动预测以及岩体应力重分布等后续工作的效率和精度。基于国内外微震监测系统的S波自动识别不够精确，需技术人员二次识别，随机且效率低的考虑，对矿山微震数据的短时平均过零率、短时平均振幅、短时能量3个时域特征函数进行分析得到4个S波识别指标，进而形成“三函数四指标”的S波到时算法。根据实际微震事件信号确定S波到达的经验阈值，并编制成自动程序应用于实例分析中。自动识别结果与人工拾取结果对比表明：时差在25 ms内的准确率可达88%，时差在12.5 ms内的准确率达到74%，其中短时能量的识别效果最优，短时平均过零率识别效果较好、短时平均振幅识别效果较差。本文提出的三函数四指标的时域分析方法是一种行之有效、计算简单、适合实时监测的S波到时拾取算法。

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关键词 ：采矿工程, 微震监测, S波震相, 自动识别, 短时平均过零率, 短时平均振幅, 短时能量

Abstract：S-wave phase picking is a fundamental and important part in microseismic monitoring technology. The efficiency of S-wave picking affects the analysis of microseismic source location，seismic source mechanism，seismic activity prediction and rock stress redistribution directly. Currently，the automatic S-wave identification in microseismic monitoring system is not precise enough，time-consuming and lowly efficient and the manual identification need be carried out again. By analyzing three time-domain characteristic functions of the microseismic signals in mines，including the average cross zero ratio，the average amplitude and the short time energy over short time，four S-wave identification indicators were obtained. Then，an algorithm with four indicators of three functions for S-wave identification was established. The empirical thresholds to detect S-phase were obtained according to the actual microseismic events. And a code was written on the basis of the empirical thresholds for automatic analysis of examples. Comparisons of the results from the automatic and manual identification showed that the accuracy rate of automatic identification reached within 88% and 74% within 25 ms and 12.5 ms respectively . The recognition effect was the best for the short time energy，followed by the short time average cross zero ratio and the short time average amplitude.

Key words： mining engineering microseismic monitoring S-phase automated determination short time average cross zero ratio short time average amplitude short time energy

引用本文:

张楚旋1，2，李夕兵1，董陇军1，马举1，陈光辉1. 三函数四指标矿震信号S波到时拾取方法及应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(08): 1650-1659.
ZHANG Chuxuan1，2，LI Xibing1，DONG Longjun1，MA Ju1，CHEN Guanghui1. THE THREE FUNCTIONS FOUR INDICATORS S-WAVE PHASE PICKING METHOD AND APPLICATION FOR MICROSEISMIC SIGNAL IN MINES. , 2015, 34(08): 1650-1659.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0933 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I08/1650

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