预制裂隙花岗岩动静组合加载力学特性和破坏规律试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1089

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摘要为了研究动静组合加载下深部含裂隙岩体的力学特性和破坏规律，选用花岗岩加工制备50 mm×50 mm含裂隙的圆柱形试样，采用改进的霍普金森压杆装置，进行6个典型轴压水平和3个冲击气压水平的动静组合加载试验，并借助三维数字图像相关技术(3D-DIC)记录并分析试样的变形破裂过程。试验结果表明，裂隙的存在降低了花岗岩试样的抗压强度；随着轴压的增大，试样动态强度和动态弹性模量整体呈先上升后下降的趋势，组合强度基本呈上升趋势，动态应变则呈下降趋势；随着冲击气压的增大，试样动态强度和组合强度均增大，表现出显著的应变率效应。试样的能量吸收率随轴压增大呈先上升后下降的趋势，但在常规静载轴压比0.6～0.7时转而释放能量，并且轴压越大，释放能量所需的冲击气压越小，表现出硬岩岩爆特征；随着冲击气压增大，试样能量吸收率有所下降。对于完整试样，局部高应变先在试样端部集中并形成拉伸起裂裂纹，最终呈劈裂拉伸破坏；对含预制裂隙试样，局部高应变大多先在裂隙尖端或附近集中并形成翼裂纹，最终在轴压0～30 MPa动静组合加载下呈拉剪复合型破坏，但受端部效应影响，在轴压50～70 MPa动静组合加载下，裂隙尖端会形成2条近似平行的反翼裂纹，最终试样呈剪切破坏。

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	李地元
	胡楚维
	朱泉企

关键词 ：岩石力学, 分离式霍普金森压杆, 动静组合加载, 预制裂隙, 三维数字图像相关, 破坏模式

Abstract：In order to study mechanical properties and failure laws of deep fractured rock mass under coupled static and dynamic loads，cylindrical granite specimens of 50 mm×50 mm were manufactured with a single artificial flaw. Coupled static and dynamic loads tests were carried out with a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) apparatus，and six typical levels of axial pre-stresses and three levels of impact pressures were designed. Three-dimensional digital image correlation(3D-DIC) was also applied to record and analyze the fracturing process and damage evolution of specimens. The test results show that the strength of the fractured specimen is obviously smaller than that of the intact specimen，and that，with increasing the axial pre-stress，the dynamic strength and dynamic elastic modulus generally increase first and then decrease，the combined strength generally increases while the dynamic strain generally decreases. Both the dynamic strength and the combined strength increase with increasing the impact pressure，showing that the granite has significant strain rate effect. The energy absorption ratio increases first and then decreases with increasing the axial pre-stress，but specimens will in turn release energy when the axial pre-stress ratio is 0.6–0.7. Besides，the greater the axial pre-stress is，the smaller the impact pressure is required to release energy，reflecting the characteristic of rockburst. The energy absorption ratio decreases with increasing the impact pressure. For intact specimens，high strain localization is concentrated at the end of the specimens and tensile cracks are formed，eventually causing splitting tensile failure of the specimens. For specimens with an artificial flaw，high strain localization is concentrated at the tip of the flaw or nearby，and wing cracks are formed，eventually causing combined tensile-shear failure of the specimens under coupled static and dynamic loads(axial pre-stress 0–30 MPa). However，two nearly parallel anti-wing cracks are formed at the tip of the flaw under coupled static and dynamic loads(axial pre-stress 50–70 MPa) due to the end effect，eventually causing shear failure of the specimens.

Key words： rock mechanics split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) coupled static and dynamic loads artificial flaw 3D-DIC failure mode

引用本文:

李地元，胡楚维，朱泉企. 预制裂隙花岗岩动静组合加载力学特性和破坏规律试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(6): 1081-1093.
LI Diyuan，HU Chuwei，ZHU Quanqi. Experimental study on mechanical properties and failure laws of granite with an artificial flaw under coupled static and dynamic loads. , 2020, 39(6): 1081-1093.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1089 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I6/1081

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