基于声发射能量分析的煤与瓦斯突出前兆特征试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0540

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摘要煤与瓦斯突出是煤矿开采过程中最严重的动力灾害，其突出机制不清制约了灾害预警的可靠性和有效性。采用声发射监测技术，以阜新孙家湾突出煤层为研究对象，利用自主研发的真三轴煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验装置，结合DS5系列全信息声发射信号分析测试系统，开展深部矿井不同埋深下煤与瓦斯突出相似模拟试验，分析煤与瓦斯突出能量演化过程，建立声发射参数特征与煤与瓦斯突出前兆信息关系指标。研究结果表明：(1) 煤与瓦斯突出过程经历了孕育前期、孕育后期、激发–发展和终止4个阶段，突出过程中声发射能量信号经历了“平稳→升高→峰值”的演化过程，表明煤与瓦斯突出是一个煤体破坏和能量积累的力学过程。(2) 在突出孕育前期AE能量处于较低水平，累计AE能量上升平稳，低能级频次占主导地位，突出危险性较弱；孕育后期AE能量大幅度增加，累计AE能量上升加快，高能级频次占主导地位，突出危险性较强。突出孕育不同时期AE能量信号的差异性可作为突出前兆信息，用于实时监测煤岩内部破裂动态变化情况，对突出预测、预警具有指导意义。(3) 从声发射能量角度定义了反映煤与瓦斯突出孕育阶段危险性强弱的量化指标，为深部开采煤与瓦斯突出动力灾害预测预警提供科学参考。

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	唐巨鹏1
	郝娜1
	潘一山2
	孙胜杰1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 深部开采, 煤与瓦斯突出, 能量演化, 声发射信号, 前兆特征

Abstract：Coal and gas outbursts are the most serious dynamic disasters in the process of coal mining，and unclear understanding of outburst mechanisms restricts the reliability and effectiveness of disaster early warning. Taking Sunjiawan outburst coal seam in Fuxin as the research object，the similarity experiments of coal and gas outburst with different mining depths were carried out using a self-developed true triaxial test device of coal and gas outburst and the DS5 series full-information acoustic emission signal analysis and testing system. The energy evolution process of coal and gas outburst was analyzed，and the relationship between acoustic emission parameter characteristics and precursor information of coal and gas outburst was established. The results show that the coal and gas outburst process has four stages including early incubation，late incubation，excitation-development and termination and in the process，the acoustic emission energy signals show “steady-rise-peak” variation，indicating that coal and gas outburst is a mechanical process of coal damage and energy accumulation. In the early stage of gestation，the AE energy is at a low level with a steadily rising accumulation，the low energy frequency dominates，and the outburst danger is weak. In the late stage of gestation，the AE energy increases greatly and high-energy frequency dominates，highlighting the risk. The difference of AE energy signals in different periods of outburst can be used as outburst precursor information to monitor the dynamic changes of coal and rock internal fractures in real time and further to guide outburst prediction and early warning. Based on acoustic emission energy，a quantitative index reflecting the danger level of coal and gas outburst in incubation period is defined，which provides scientific reference for the prediction and early warning of dynamic disasters in coal mining.

Key words： rock mechanics deep mining coal and gas outburst energy evolution acoustic emission signals precursor characteristics

引用本文:

唐巨鹏1，郝娜1，潘一山2，孙胜杰1. 基于声发射能量分析的煤与瓦斯突出前兆特征试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(1): 31-42.
TANG Jupeng1，HAO Na1，PAN Yishan2，SUN Shengjie1. Experimental study on precursor characteristics of coal and gas outbursts based on acoustic emission energy analysis. , 2021, 40(1): 31-42.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0540 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I1/31

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