渐冻隧道演化模拟试验系统的研制及初步应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1191

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摘要为了揭示负年平均气温区渐冻隧道的形成机制和演化规律，以及全球变暖情况下隧道渐融的形成机制，开发渐冻隧道演化模拟试验系统。试验系统主要由隧道模型、地温控制系统、气候控制系统、数据测量和采集系统组成。该试验系统的主要创新性如下：(1) 设计并研制一套渐冻隧道演化模拟试验系统，可大幅缩短全周期运行状态温度场模型试验的研究周期，将原本需要40 d的试验周期缩短至4 d；(2) 设计并研制新型的气候模拟系统，可长周期稳定地模拟年平均气温、温度振幅及风速等组合条件对隧道温度场试验的影响；(3) 设计并研制可以测量隧道温度场全域全周期测试系统及地温控制系统，有效解决数据测量及地温控制等方面遇到的时间和空间上的难题。通过与寒区隧道温度场演化规律典型实例的对比试验，验证该模拟试验系统的准确性和可靠性。初步试验结果表明：年平均气温为－4 ℃时，隧道贯通运行后其冻结圈会逐渐沿隧道纵向推进，并在横断面上向围岩深部发展，引起隧道围岩的渐冻，隧道非冻土会逐年冻结，形成渐冻隧道。试验系统填补了寒区隧道复杂条件下全周期运行状况下的温度场演化规律试验研究的空白，对促进我国寒区隧道工程前沿研究起到了积极的推动作用，可为“一带一路”工程建设及川藏铁路工程提供试验基础。

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	夏才初1
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	林梓梁1
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	施佳誉3
	杜时贵3

关键词 ：隧道工程, 渐冻隧道, 试验系统, 寒区, 温度场

Abstract：A model test system for simulating the evolution of frost penetration tunnels was developed to reveal the penetration mechanism and the formation of the frozen surrounding rock in cold regions with negative annual average temperature，and to investigate the thawing mechanism of the frozen surrounding rock due to global warming. The model test system mainly consists of a tunnel model，a ground temperature control system，a climate control system，and a data measurement and acquisition system. The main innovations of the test system are as follows：(1) The model test system can greatly shorten the test period for simulating the tunnel life-cycle temperature field，reducing the original test period from 40 days to 4 days. (2) The new climate simulation system can stably simulate the influence of the annual average temperature，the temperature amplitude，the wind speed and other combined conditions on the tunnel temperature field for a long period of time. (3) The developed ground temperature measuring and controlling system effectively solves the difficulties in data measurement and ground temperature control. The accuracy and reliability of the model test system were verified by comparing the tested temperature field with the field test result of a typical cold region tunnel. The preliminary test results show that，when the annual average temperature is －4 ℃，the frozen envelope of the surrounding rock will gradually advance along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and penetrate into the deep of the surrounding rock on the cross section，causing the frost penetration of the surrounding rock and hence，forming so-called frost penetration tunnel. The experimental system，filling in the blank of the experimental study on the evolution law of the temperature field under the life-cycle operation condition of tunnels in cold regions，plays a positive role in promoting the frontier research of tunnel engineering in cold regions in China and provides experimental basis for the“one belt，one road”project and the Sichuan—Tibet railway project.

Key words： tunnelling engineering frost penetration tunnel test system cold region temperature field

引用本文:

夏才初1，2，林梓梁1，2，施佳誉3，杜时贵3. 渐冻隧道演化模拟试验系统的研制及初步应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(8): 1525-1535.
XIA Caichu1，2，LIN Ziliang1，2，SHI Jiayu3，DU Shigui3. Development and preliminary application of a simulation test system for frost penetration tunnel evolution. , 2021, 40(8): 1525-1535.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1191 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I8/1525

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