考虑松动效应的高地应力构造破碎带隧道稳定性分析及大变形支护设计优化

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0011

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摘要隧道穿越高地应力深埋软岩地层时，开挖卸荷扰动会引发围岩产生严重的挤压变形和松动破坏，导致支护结构出现大变形。以玉磨铁路万和隧道穿越高地应力花岗岩构造破碎带为工程依托，首先基于经典Kastner公式和Caquot公式确定考虑松动效应的高地应力构造破碎带围岩特征曲线；然后基于收敛约束理论分析围岩与支护结构的稳定性，明确考虑围岩松动效应和控制支护让压程度的必要性；最后通过多工况比选确定第二层增设钢拱架的支护时机和支护参数。研究结果表明：高地应力环境下，前期作用于支护结构的围岩压力以形变压力为主。随着应力的释放，断面变形达0.8 m时的松动压力占比已超过30%，此时考虑松动效应的围岩对支护结构产生1.094 MPa的围岩压力，不考虑松动效应的围岩压力仅为0.765 MPa。因此在进行隧道稳定性分析及支护设计时，不能忽视围岩松动效应的影响；在第一层初期支护让压至一定程度后应及时增设第二层钢拱架抵抗围岩变形。以断面变形达到0.45 m时设置第二层钢拱架作为最优支护时机，以间距为0.6 m的I22b型钢拱架作为最佳支护参数，现场监测数据表明该大变形支护方案取得了良好的控制效果。研究成果能准确反映高地应力构造破碎带隧道大变形灾变过程，对类似工程的支护设计优化有明确的指导意义。

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	郑可跃1
	施成华1
	雷明锋1
	彭立敏1
	赵前进1
	2
	赵云龙3

关键词 ：隧道工程, 高地应力, 松动效应, 稳定性分析, 支护时机, 支护参数

Abstract：When a tunnel passes through the deep soft-rock formation with high in-situ stresses，excavation and unloading disturbances will cause severe squeezing deformation and loose failure of the surrounding rock，resulting in large deformation of the supporting structure. This paper takes the Wanhe tunnel of Yumo railway，which goes through a fracture zone of granite with high in-situ stresses，as the research object. First，based on the classic Kastner and Caquot formulas，the characteristic curve of the surrounding rock considering loose effect was determined. Then，the stabilities of the surrounding rock and the supporting structure were analyzed using the convergence-confinement method to clarify the necessity of considering the loosening effect and controlling the degree of support deformation. Finally，through the comparison of working conditions，the support time and the support parameters of the second arch were determined. This research indicates that the surrounding rock pressure is dominated by the deformation pressure in the early stage. With the release of the stress，the proportion of the loose pressure exceeds 30% when the deformation reaches 0.8 m. At this time，the surrounding rock pressures acting on the support structure considering and without considering the loose effect are respectively 1.094 MPa and 0.765 MPa，indicating that the influence of the loose effect cannot be ignored in the stability analysis and the design of the supporting structure. After the initial support deforms to a certain degree，a second layer of steel arch should be added in time to resist the deformation of the surrounding rock. The best support time for the second arch is the time when the deformation reaches 0.45 m，and the best support parameter is 0.6 m spacing of the I22b steel arch. On-site monitoring data show that the large-deformation support scheme has achieved a good control effect. The research results can accurately reflect the large deformation and catastrophic process of the tunnel in the fracture zone with high in-situ stresses，and have clear guidance for the optimization of the support design in similar projects.

Key words： tunnelling engineering high in-situ stress loose effect stability analysis support time support parameter

引用本文:

郑可跃1，施成华1，雷明锋1，彭立敏1，赵前进1，2，赵云龙3. 考虑松动效应的高地应力构造破碎带隧道稳定性分析及大变形支护设计优化[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(8): 1603-1613.
ZHENG Keyue1，SHI Chenghua1，LEI Mingfeng1，PENG Limin1，ZHAO Qianjin1，2，ZHAO Yunlong3. Stability analysis and support design optimization of large-deformation tunnels in structural fracture zones with high in-situ stresses considering loose effect. , 2021, 40(8): 1603-1613.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0011 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I8/1603

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