单台多尺寸岩石压剪断裂试验装置的研制与应用研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.1333

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (3091 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要为测试多尺寸岩石在压剪复合应力条件下裂纹起裂扩展及断裂面滑移过程的力学性能，针对现有相关试验装置所测试样尺寸较小且规格单一、最大试验力不高等实际情况，研制了一种在双轴可同步或依次施加压缩荷载和剪切荷载的多尺寸岩石压剪断裂试验装置。主要由主机框架、加载测力机构、试样盒、试样就位机构、电液伺服控制系统、操作软件等组成，可实现尺寸范围为50～300 mm的正方体试样、同宽度长方体试样和等比例长方体试样的试验，其中法向最大荷载为1 500 kN，切向最大荷载为3 000 kN。分析了由主机框架和加载测力机构组成的试验装置刚度，探讨从岩石断裂前的荷载控制向断裂面滑移过程的位移控制转换条件。标定试验装置的荷载精度，结果表明在荷载测试范围2%～100%的示值精度达到0.5%。在压缩荷载和剪切荷载依次加载条件下，开展了对长宽比为2∶1的等比例长方体多尺寸花岗岩试样的初步应用，结果表明：首先，对花岗岩试样分别施加法向最小荷载和大荷载，从剪切荷载随时间及位移的关系曲线中反映了该装置的测试精度和稳定性；其次，2个切向测力传感器分别安装在试样盒左侧的加载端和右侧的支撑端并获得测试结果，通过对比发现在岩石裂纹起裂扩展瞬间所测数值存在不同步现象；再次，当相同尺寸的试样分别施加不同法向压缩荷载时，获得的剪断荷载峰值随压缩荷载的增加而不断增加；最后，对3种连续小尺寸试样分别施加10和20 MPa的法向压缩应力时，剪断峰值应力随试样尺寸的增加存在非线性关系。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	吕原君
	杜时贵
	罗战友
	冯慧坤
	李浩

关键词 ：岩石力学, 多尺寸, 压剪断裂, 试验装置

Abstract：It is necessary to test the mechanical properties of crack initiation，crack propagation and slip process of fracture surface for multi-size rock under compression shear composite stress. A multi-dimensional rock compression shear fracture test device has been developed，which can apply compression load and shear load synchronously or successively on biaxial. In comparison，some deficiencies exist in existing related equipment，such as the sample size that can be tested is small and single specification，the maximum test force is not high，etc. The developed device is mainly composed of frame，loading and force measuring mechanism，sample box，sample positioning mechanism，electro-hydraulic servo control system，operation software，etc. Cube sample，cuboid sample with the same width or equal ratio can be tested in the size range of 50–300 mm. The maximum normal load is 1 500 kN and the maximum tangential load is 3 000 kN. The stiffness of the test loading system composed of frame and loading mechanism was analyzed. The transition condition from the load control before rock fracture to the displacement control during the slip process of the fracture surface was discussed. The load accuracy calibration of the test device has been carried out. The results show that the indication accuracy reaches 0.5% in the load test range of 2%–100%. A preliminary experimental study on the multi-size cuboid granites，with an aspect ratio of 2∶1，have been carried out. The results are as follows：Firstly，the minimum and large normal load were applied separately to granite samples. Test accuracy and stable loading have been showed by obtained relationship curves of shear load with time or displacement. Then，the test values of two tangential load cell，located at the loading end and support end of the sample box，were obtained. During the initiation and propagation of rock cracks，it is found that the measured values were not synchronized through comparative study. Then，the peak shear load increased with the increase of normal load when different normal loads were applied to the same size samples. Finally，when the normal stress of 10 MPa and 20 MPa was applied to three continuous size samples respectively，the peak shear stress was a nonlinear relationship with the increase of samples size.

Key words： rock mechanics multi-size compression shear fracture test device

引用本文:

吕原君，杜时贵，罗战友，冯慧坤，李浩. 单台多尺寸岩石压剪断裂试验装置的研制与应用研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(10): 2067-2081.
LYU Yuanjun，DU Shigui，LUO Zhanyou，FENG Huikun，LI Hao. Development and application research of a compression shear fracture test device for multi-size rock . , 2022, 41(10): 2067-2081.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.1333 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I10/2067

[20]	RAO Q H，LI C，STILLBORG B，et al. Size effect of the mode II fracture toughness of rock[M]. Balkema，Rotterdam：Rock Mechanics for Industry，1999：1 117–1 124.
[5]	GONG F Q，LUO S，LIN G，et al. Evaluation of shear strength parameters of rocks by preset angle shear，direct shear and triaxial compression tests[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2020，53(5)：2 505–2 519.
[10]	VIZINI V O S，FUTAI M M. Mode II fracture toughness determination of rock and concrete via modified direct shear test[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，2021，257：1–16.
[12]	American Society for Testing and Material. ASTM D5607—16 Standard test method for performing laboratory direct shear strength tests of rock specimens under constant normal force[S]. Philadelphia：ASTM，2017.
[3]	HE Q Y，LI Y C，XU J H，et al. Prediction of mechanical properties of igneous rocks under combined compression and shear loading through statistical analysis[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2020，53(2)：841–859.
[13]	孙鼎杰. 预裂岩石裂纹扩展规律及其力学特性研究[硕士学位论文][D] 绍兴：绍兴文理学院，2019.(SUN Dingjie. Research on crack propagation laws and mechanical properties of pre-cracked rock[M. S. Thesis][D]. Shaoxing：Shaoxing University，2019.(in Chinese))
[17]	LI W X，JIN Z F，CUSATIS G. Size effect analysis for the characterization of marcellus shale quasi?brittle fracture properties[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2019，52(1)：1–18.
[19]	张安林，张朝鹏，李存宝，等. 岩石断裂尺寸效应测试装置研制及实验研究[J]. 实验力学，2021，36(1)：69–79.(ZHANG Anlin，ZHANG Zhaopeng，LI Cunbao，et al. The development of testing device and experimental study on size effect of rock fracture[J]. Journal of Experimental Mechanics，2021，36(1)：69–79.(in Chinese))
[23]	DORON M，AMIR S，YOSSEF H H. The significance of displacement control mode in direct shear tests of rock joints[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2020，134：1–8.
[2]	XU Y，DAI F. Dynamic response and failure mechanism of brittle rocks under combined compression-shear loading experiments[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2018，51：747–764.
[7]	WONG R C K，MA S K Y，WONG R H C，et al. Shear strength components of concrete under direct shearing[J]. Cement and Concrete Research，2007，37：1 248–1 256.
[1]	XU S L，HUANG J Y，WANG P F，et al. Investigation of rock material under combined compression and shear dynamic loading：An experimental technique[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering，2015，86：206–222.
[4]	DU K，LI X F，WANG S Y，et al. Compression-shear failure properties and acoustic emission(AE) characteristics of rocks in variable angle shear and direct shear tests[J]. Measurement，2021，183：1–20.
[8]	FENG X T，WANG G，ZHANG X W，et al. Experimental method for direct shear tests of hard rock under both normal stress and lateral stress[J]. International Journal of Geomechanics，2021，21(3)：1–12.
[11]	SANTOS V V O，MASSAO F M. Modified direct shear test for determining shear strength of rock and concrete[J]. Geotechnical Testing Journal，2021，44(6)：1 782–1 800.
[18]	ANDREA M I，JORDI D M，RICARDO J R. Size effect and other effects on mode I fracture toughness using two testing methods[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2021，143：1–16.
[21]	杜时贵，吕原君，罗战友，等. 岩体结构面抗剪强度尺寸效应联合试验系统及初级应用研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2021，40(7)：1 337–1 349.(DU Shigui，LYU Yuanjun，LUO Zhanyou，et al. Combined test system for size effect of rock joint shear strength and its primary application research[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2021，40(7)：1 337–1 349.(in Chinese))
[6]	LIU Y X，XU J，YIN G Z，et al. Development of a new direct shear testing device for investigating rock failure[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2017，50(3)：647–651.
[14]	BARTON N，CHOUBEY V. The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice[J]. Rock Mechanics，1997，(10)：1–54.
[16]	AYATOLLAHI M R，AKBARDOOST J. Size and geometry effects on rock fracture toughness：Mode I fracture[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2014，47(2)：677–687.
[24]	张静，王志成，侯京锋，等. 静力试验系统力控转位控两种方法研究[J] 机床与液压，2015，43(1)：57–60.(ZHANG Jing，WANG Zhicheng，HOU Jingfeng，et al. Research on two methods of force to position control for static test system[J]. Machine Tool and Hydraulics，2015，43(1)：57–60.(in Chinese))
[15]	PINTO A，CUNHA D A. Scale effects in rock masses[M]. Boca Raton：CRC Press，2020：77–103.
[22]	陈琼，杜时贵，罗战友. 抗剪强度直剪仪的机制分析和测控系统开发[J]. 机床与液压，2017，45(13)：105–109.(CHEN Qiong，DU Shigui，LUO Zhanyou. Principle analysis and development of measurement and control system with direct shear apparatus for testing shear strength[J]. Machine Tool and Hydraulics，2017，45(13)：105–109.(in Chinese))
[9]	AV?AR E. An experimental investigation of shear strength behavior of a welded bimrock by meso-scale direct shear tests[J]. Engineering Geology，2021，294：1–12.