甘肃省白龙江流域典型高位堆积层滑坡成因机制研究及其危险性预测

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0428

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摘要以甘肃省白龙江流域武都区泻流坡滑坡为例，在现场勘查测绘、多期遥感数据分析、地表位移监测、室内试验测试及数值模拟分析的基础上，对滑坡的发育特征、活动特性、形成演化过程进行深入探讨，并对泻流坡滑坡滑源区潜在不稳定块体危险性预测进行科学评价。结果表明：(1) 泻流坡滑坡为多因素耦合作用形成的大型高位堆积层滑坡，体积达188.35×104 m3，可分为上部潜在滑源区、中部狭窄流通区、下部停淤堆积区3个区段，整体具有多期次、多层级、逐级后退式演化特征，各滑体滑动表现为蠕滑拉裂–推移式变形特点；(2) 泻流坡滑坡的形成演化以活跃新构造运动为主导，易滑的孕灾地层为基础，差异性不协调地貌为条件，而降雨持续劣化、历史强震震裂效应及断裂蠕滑效应是滑坡失稳的主要诱发因素；(3) 稳定性计算结果表明，目前滑坡整体处于基本稳定～欠稳定状态，在多个部位仍存在不同程度变形破坏，利用River-Flow2D软件对上部潜在滑源区在极端降雨条件下启动和运动过程模拟结果显示，模拟最大滑动距离810 m，最大速度可达33.5 m/s，最大堆积厚度为26.7 m，总堆积方量约121×104 m3，可形成局部堵江灾害链。研究成果可为此类流域性高位滑坡灾害防灾减灾提供科学依据。

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关键词 ：边坡工程, 泻流坡滑坡, 高位堆积层滑坡, 成因机制, 危险性预测, 白龙江流域

Abstract：Through the field survey，multi-phase remote sensing data analysis，surface displacement monitoring，indoor test and numerical simulation analysis，the run-off slope in Wudu District，Bailongjiang River Basin，Gansu Province was taken as an example to conduct a deep discussion about the development characteristics，activity characteristics，formation and evolution process of the landslide，and the safety of unstable blocks in the run-off slope landslide source area was scientifically evaluated and predicted. The results showed that：(1) run-off landslide was a large accumulation landslide in a high place，which was formed by the coupling effect of multiple factors，with a volume of 188.35 × 104 m3. It can be divided into three sections：the upper potential slip source area，the middle narrow flow area，and the lower siltation accumulation area，whose evolution was overall characterized by multiple stages，multiple layers，and progressive retrogression. Each slide body is characterized by the creep-tensile pattern and push deformation. (2) Under the conditions of different and uncoordinated landforms，the formation process of run-off landslide was dominated by active neotectonic movement and based on the disaster strata prone to slip，while the continuous deterioration of rainfall，the seismic cracking effect of historical strong earthquakes and the creep effect of faults were the main factors of landslide instability. (3) According to the stability calculation，it can be known that the landslide was basically in a stable state or an unstable state，and there were still different degrees of deformation and damage in several parts. After using River-Flow2D software to simulate the start and movement process of the upper potential slip source area under extreme rainfall conditions，it was shown that the maximum sliding distance was 810 m，the maximum velocity could reach 33.5 m/s，and the maximum accumulation thickness was 26.7 m，with the total accumulation volume of about 121 × 104 m3，forming a local river blockage disaster chain. This research can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and mitigation of such high-level landslides in the basin.

Key words： slope engineering Xieliupo landslide high-level accumulation landslides formation mechanism risk prediction The Bailongjiang River Basin

引用本文:

王高峰1，2，3，李浩2，3，田运涛2，3，陈宗良2，3，徐友宁4，高幼龙2，3，叶振南2，3，. 甘肃省白龙江流域典型高位堆积层滑坡成因机制研究及其危险性预测[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(4): 1003-1018.
WANG Gaofeng1，2，3，LI Hao2，3，TIAN Yuntao2，3，CHEN Zongliang2，3，XU Youning4，GAO Youlong2，3，. Study on the formation mechanism and risk prediction of high-level accumulation landslides in Bailongjiang River Basin，Gansu Province. , 2023, 42(4): 1003-1018.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0428 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I4/1003

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