动载作用下锚固体动态失稳试验研究

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摘要为明晰动载作用下锚固体动态失稳机制，采用理论分析、室内试验相结合的方法，构建动载作用下锚固体动态失稳理论模型，提出动载作用下锚固体临界失稳应变率和临界失稳损伤度判定方法，开展不同预紧力、锚固长度锚固体动载冲击试验，获得动载作用下锚固体临界失稳应变率、损伤度及吸收能，从应力、损伤、能量角度揭示预紧力和锚固长度对锚固体抵抗动载冲击的能力，构建锚固体莫尔应力圆分析模型，探讨锚固体抵抗动载冲击的力学机制。研究结果表明：锚固体由完整状态逐渐向失稳破坏状态转变过程中存在失稳临界值，锚固体动态峰值强度、临界失稳应变率、临界失稳损伤度及临界失稳吸收能与锚杆预紧力、锚固长度均呈正相关；动载作用下锚固体稳定性受其内部预应力场扩散范围和整体密实度影响，锚固体内部预应力场扩散范围越大、整体密实度越高，动载作用后基体破坏程度越小；提高预紧力和增加锚固长度是有效增强锚固体抵抗动载冲击能力的有效途径。

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	杨尚1
	宁建国1
	2
	王俊1
	2
	高明涛1
	3
	史新帅1
	2
	张朝辉1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 动载, 3D打印, 锚固体, 失稳, 能量

Abstract：To elucidate the dynamic instability mechanism of anchorage bodies under dynamic loads. This paper combines theoretical analysis and laboratory experiments to establish a theoretical model for dynamic instability of anchorage bodies under dynamic loads. A method for determining the critical instability strain rate and critical instability damage degree of anchorage bodies under dynamic loads were proposed. Dynamic load impact tests were conducted on anchorage bodies with different pretension forces and anchorage lengths. Critical instability strain rate，critical instability damage degree，and critical instability absorption energy of the anchorage body under dynamic loads were obtained. From the perspectives of stress，damage，and energy，the ability of pretension forces and anchorage lengths to resist dynamic load impacts on anchorage bodies were revealed. A Mohr stress circle analysis model for anchorage bodies was constructed to explore the mechanical mechanism of anchorage bodies resisting dynamic load impacts. The research results indicate that there is a critical instability threshold during the transition of the anchorage body from a complete state to an unstable failure state. The dynamic peak strength，critical instability strain rate，critical instability damage degree，and critical instability absorption energy of the anchorage body are positively correlated with the pretension force and anchorage length. The stability of the anchorage body under dynamic load were influenced by the diffusion range of its internal prestressing field and the overall compactness. The larger the diffusion range of the internal prestressing field and the higher the overall compactness of the anchorage body，the less damage to the matrix after dynamic loading. Increasing the pretension forces and extending the anchorage length are effective ways to enhance the anchoring body?s resistance to dynamic load impact.

Key words： rock mechanics dynamic loading 3D printing anchorage body instability energy

引用本文:

杨尚1，宁建国1，2，王俊1，2，高明涛1，3，史新帅1，2，张朝辉1. 动载作用下锚固体动态失稳试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(2): 409-426.
YANG Shang1，NING Jianguo1，2，WANG Jun1，2，GAO Mingtao1，3，SHI Xinshuai1，2，ZHANG Zhaohui1. Experimental study on dynamic instability of anchorage body under dynamic loading. , 2025, 44(2): 409-426.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I2/409

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