考虑峰后脆性跌落的油页岩统计损伤本构——以鄂尔多斯盆地长7段为例

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0136

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摘要为明确鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段油页岩力学特性，开展不同围压和层理倾角下的三轴压缩力学试验，基于长7段岩石应力–应变曲线特征，提出脆性定量评价指标；结合损伤力学、残余强度和Drucker-Prager准则，建立考虑峰后脆性跌落的统计损伤本构模型。结果表明：（1）油页岩变形破坏主要分为弹性变形、应变硬化和应变软化3个阶段；（2）随围压的增加，岩石抗压强度、残余强度、峰值应变和弹性模量增加，而脆性及裂缝发育复杂程度降低；（3）垂直层理方向油页岩具有更高的强度、更低的刚度和脆性，各向异性特征明显；（4）该模型能够考虑峰后应力跌落速率（脆性）的影响，比Weibull分布等模型更能准确预测脆性岩石峰后脆性跌落，理论曲线与应力–应变曲线吻合度更高。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 油页岩, 统计损伤本构, 脆性

Abstract：To elucidate the mechanical properties of oil shale in the Chang 7 Member of the Ordos Basin, triaxial compression experiments were conducted under various confining pressures and bedding inclinations. Based on the characteristics of the stress-strain curves of the Chang 7 Member rocks, a quantitative brittleness evaluation index was proposed. A damage constitutive model, which incorporates post-peak brittle drop, was established by integrating damage mechanics with residual strength and the Drucker-Prager criterion. The results demonstrate that: (1) The deformation of oil shale primarily occurs in three stages: elastic deformation, strain hardening, and strain softening. (2) As confining pressure increases, the compressive strength, residual strength, peak strain, and elastic modulus increase, while brittleness and fracture complexity decrease. (3) Oil shale oriented perpendicular to the bedding planes exhibits higher strength but lower stiffness and brittleness, displaying pronounced anisotropic characteristics. (4) The proposed model effectively accounts for the stress drop rate (brittleness) and outperforms Weibull distribution-based models in predicting the post-peak brittle behavior of rocks, with theoretical curves aligning more closely with experimental stress-strain curves.

Key words： rock mechanics oil shale statistical damage constitutive brittleness

引用本文:

曾萍1，2，韦世明1，2，夏阳1，2，金衍1，2，曾皓2，3. 考虑峰后脆性跌落的油页岩统计损伤本构——以鄂尔多斯盆地长7段为例[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(9): 2408-2419.
ZENG Ping1, 2, WEI Shiming1, 2, XIA Yang1, 2, JIN Yan1, 2, ZENG Hao2, 3. Statistical damage constitutive of oil shale considering post-peak stress drop: taking the Seven Member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos#br# Basin as an example. , 2025, 44(9): 2408-2419.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0136 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I9/2408

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