四川盆地灯影组藻凝块白云岩升尺度岩石力学参数研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0116

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摘要四川盆地灯影组藻凝块白云岩储层孔、洞发育明显，非均质性强，常规力学实验方法难以获得较为准确的岩石力学参数。结合纳米压痕实验与微CT扫描技术，获取藻凝块白云岩的细观岩石力学参数及孔洞分布特征。在此基础上，依据离散元理论，建立具有真实孔洞特征分布的数字岩心模型。进一步通过露头数字化孔洞提取技术，建立具有大尺寸缺陷的岩块模型，实现纳米级向厘米级的尺度升级。利用岩块模型模拟现场多尺寸取心，明确室内实验向地质工程尺度的岩石力学参数转换规律。研究表明：四川盆地灯影组藻凝块白云岩孔洞、藻格架发育明显，溶蚀作用显著，孔喉间连通性差且分布不均。矿物弹性模量满足Weibull分布，数字岩心模型单轴抗压强度和弹性模量误差分别为1.2%和5%，模拟和实验得到的破坏模式吻合良好。升尺度模拟取心结果显示，单轴抗压强度和弹性模量随取心尺寸增大呈现先快速下降后平稳的趋势，尺寸效应逐渐减弱。岩块模型的破坏主要集中于孔洞周边，具体表现为孔洞受外载荷后变形，微裂纹出现并沿孔洞边缘扩展，扩展路径经另一孔洞后连通形成“空腔”。边缘孔洞（尤其是近自由边界孔洞）会促进裂纹萌生与扩展，其影响程度随孔洞与边缘距离的增大而减弱。藻格架在力的传递过程中易与周边矿物发生相对错动，从而促进剪切裂纹的形成与扩展。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 藻凝块白云岩, 纳米压痕, 数字岩心模型, 尺度升级

Abstract：The algal clotted dolomite reservoirs in the Dengying Formation of the Sichuan Basin are characterized by well-developed pores and vugs exhibiting strong heterogeneity, which complicates the accurate determination of rock mechanical parameters through conventional experimental methods. This study integrates nanoindentation tests and micro-CT scanning to assess the meso-scale mechanical properties and pore-vug distribution characteristics of algal clotted dolomite, and establishes a digital rock model with realistic pore-vug distributions based on discrete element theory. Furthermore, by utilizing digital pore-vug extraction technology from outcrops, a rock block model containing large-scale defects was developed, facilitating the upscaling from nanometer to centimeter scales. This block model was employed to simulate multi-scale coring processes in the field, elucidating the conversion laws of rock mechanical parameters from laboratory to geological engineering scales. The results indicate that the algal clotted dolomite in the Dengying Formation displays significant vug development and algal framework structures with notable dissolution effects, characterized by poor pore-throat connectivity and heterogeneous distribution. The mineral elastic moduli conform to a Weibull distribution, with discrepancies of 1.2% for uniaxial compressive strength and 5% for elastic modulus between the digital rock model and experimental results, while demonstrating good agreement in failure patterns. The upscaled coring simulation reveals that both uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus initially decrease rapidly and subsequently stabilize as core size increases, indicating a gradual diminishment of size effects. Failure in the block model predominantly occurs around vugs, manifested as vug deformation under external loads, the initiation and propagation of microcracks along vug edges, and eventual connection through adjacent vugs to form cavities. Edge vugs, particularly those near free boundaries, facilitate crack initiation and propagation, with their influence diminishing as the distance between vugs and edges increases. The algal frameworks tend to experience relative slippage with surrounding minerals during stress transfer, thereby promoting the formation and propagation of shear cracks.

Key words： rock mechanics')" href="#">

rock mechanics algal clotted dolomite nanoindentation digital rock model scale-up

引用本文:

李明昊1，2，李皋1，2，冯佳歆1，2，上官自然1，2，杨旭1，2，李红涛1，2，袁晨旭3. 四川盆地灯影组藻凝块白云岩升尺度岩石力学参数研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(9): 2420-2431.
LI Minghao1, 2, LI Gao1, 2, FENG Jiaxin1, 2, SHANGGUAN Ziran1, 2, YANG Xu1, 2, . Upscaling rock mechanical parameters of algal clotted dolomite in the Dengying Formation, Sichuan Basin. , 2025, 44(9): 2420-2431.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0116 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I9/2420

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