缓冲回填材料砌块接缝密封及愈合研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1691

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摘要高放废物地质处置多重屏障体系中，缓冲回填材料砌块接缝构成潜在的“水力缺陷”和强度薄弱部位。室内试验制备压实膨润土模拟接缝试样，设置接缝宽度为2 mm，采用膨润土干粉、膨润土泥浆、微粒膨润土3种材料对接缝进行密封。将含接缝试样进行柔性壁渗透试验，之后开展热传导试验，评价砌缝不同密封形式愈合效果的差别。自然堆填密度和自由膨胀率试验得到，颗粒粒组为0.25～0.5 mm，且颗粒率为70%时，微粒膨润土达到最佳组构。试验数据表明，不同密封处理的含接缝试样的水力传导系数范围为(2.51～4.94)×10－10 cm/s，其水力传导系数Rg由小到大的顺序为Rg = 70%微粒砌缝、Rg = 90%微粒砌缝、Rg = 50%微粒砌缝、泥浆砌缝、Rg =30%微粒砌缝和干粉砌缝，与接缝密封材料初始填充干密度成负相关。沿着接缝方向，各试样的平均热传导系数范围为1.43～1.63 W/(m·k)，其中Rg =70%微粒膨润土砌缝的导热性能最好。垂直接缝方向，各试样的热传导系数基本呈现出接缝愈合带略小于接缝两侧的趋势。研究证实，膨润土干粉、膨润土泥浆和微粒膨润土3种形式的密封材料中，Rg = 70%微粒膨润土是优良的密封材料，密封后的接缝愈合效果最佳。随着试样不断饱水膨胀，接缝带干密度提高，接缝结构面逐渐愈合消失，愈合带水力传导性质和热传导性质与砌块材料逐渐趋于一致。

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	张虎元1
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	彭宇2

关键词 ：高放废物, 接缝密封, 微粒膨润土, 水力传导系数

Abstract：Within the multi-barrier system for high-level waste(HLW) disposal，compacted bentonite blocks joints play as potential “hydraulic defects” with low strength. Block joint with a width of 2 mm were prepared and back-filled with different materials such as bentonite powder，bentonite sludge in plastic limit，and the mixtures of bentonite pellet-powder with a pellet ratio of 30%，50%，70% and 90%，respectively. This paper tends to evaluate the sealing and healing effects of the joints with different treatments by hydraulic and thermal conductivity tests in laboratory. The bentonite pellet-powder mixture with pellet size in 0.25–0.5 mm and 70% pellet content exhibits highest filling density and therefore possess high swelling potential. Tests data show that the hydraulic conductivity of specimens varies between K = (2.51–4.94)×10－10 cm/s，increasing with the decrease of initial bulk density of bentonite sealing material for joints treated by Rg = 70% pellet-powder，Rg = 90% pellet-powder，Rg = 50% pellet-powder，bentonite sludge in plastic limit，Rg = 30% pellet-powder and bentonite powder. The average thermal conductivities along joints vary between = 1.43－1.63 W/(m·k)，among which the highest is the joint treated by Rg = 70% pellet-powder. On the contrary，thermal conductivity along the direction perpendicular to the joint displays a little lower at the joint than the other parts. This study confirms that Rg = 70% bentonite pellet-powder mixture is the best sealing material among the three materials tested. With bentonite hydration and swelling，joints tend to be healed as a result of increase in dry density of sealing materials，and exhibit comparatively uniform hydraulic and thermal conductivity properties as compacted block.

Key words： high-level waste(HLW) joint sealing bentonite pellet-powder hydraulic conductivity

引用本文:

张虎元1，2，王学文2，刘平1，2，闫铭2，彭宇2. 缓冲回填材料砌块接缝密封及愈合研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(S2): 3605-3614.
ZHANG Huyuan1，2，WANG Xuewen2，LIU Ping1，2，YAN Ming2，PENG Yu2. Sealing and healing of compacted bentonite block joints in HLW disposal. , 2016, 35(S2): 3605-3614.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1691 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/IS2/3605

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