排水条件下原状软黏土各向异性和非共轴特性试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0090

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摘要目前针对黏土各向异性的试验研究大多是在不排水条件下进行的，排水条件下的研究较为缺乏。采用空心圆柱扭剪仪，在不同的中主应力系数b和大主应力方向角下对温州原状软黏土进行定向排水剪切试验。试验结果表明：各向同性固结的软黏土，在不同的大主应力方向角下的应力–应变发展关系存在着明显差异；相比于不排水条件，排水条件下的土体应变发展较为平缓，应变急剧发展的拐点不明显；中主应力系数对于应变发展有明显影响，并且当中主应力系数处于[0.5，1.0]区间中此影响更加显著；在定向剪切过程中，黏土的非共轴特性与大主应力方向角存在着明显的关系，在= 0°和90°时非共轴特性不明显，非共轴特性在= 45°处出现拐点。这些结论可加深对软黏土在排水条件下各向异性的理解，为建立更加合理的软黏土本构模型和指导工程设计提供一定的基础。

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	陈进美1
	郭林2
	蔡袁强1
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关键词 ：土力学, 软黏土, 中主应力系数, 大主应力方向角, 各向异性, 非共轴性

Abstract：Recent studies on anisotropy of soft clay are mostly carried out under undrained condition. There is a lack of anisotropy study of soft clay under drained condition. By using hollow cylinder apparatus(HCA)，a series of drained shear tests were carried out，under different direction of principal stress and different intermediate principal stress coefficient. The results show that the isotropic consolidated soft clay has different stress-strain behaviors with different directions of principal stress. Compared to undrained condition，strain development is more gentle under drained condition and the inflection point of rapid strain development is not that obvious. Intermediate principal stress coefficient has a significant effect on strain development，especially when it lies in the range of [0.5，1.0]. The non-coaxiality of soft clay turns out to highly depend on the direction of principal stress. The non-coaxiality is not remarkable when the direction of principal stress is around 0°or 90°，and 45°is a inflection point for the non-coaxiality of soft clay. The conclusions made by this paper can help us have a better understanding of the anisotropy of soft clay under drained condition，also provide a foundation for establishing constitutive relations and guiding engineering design.

Key words： soil mechanics soft clay intermediate principal stress coefficient direction of principal stress anisotropy non-coaxiality

引用本文:

陈进美1，郭林2，蔡袁强1，2，陈靖宇1. 排水条件下原状软黏土各向异性和非共轴特性试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(S1): 3291-3298.
CHEN Jinmei1，GUO Lin2，CAI Yuanqiang1，2，CHEN Jingyu1. Experimental study of anisotropy and non-coaxiality behavior of natural clay by using drained shear test. , 2016, 35(S1): 3291-3298.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0090 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/IS1/3291

[1]	王如路，刘建航. 上海地铁长期运营中纵向变形的监测与研究[J]. 地下工程与隧道，2001，(4)：6-11.(WANG Rulu，LIU Jianhang. Monitoring and study on longitudinaldeformation in long-term operation of Shanghai metro[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels，，2001，(4)：6-11.(inChinese))
[2]	GUTIERREZ M，ISHIHARA K. Non-coaxiality and energydissipationin granular materials[J]. Soils and Foundations，2000，40(2)：49-59.
[3]	CAI Y Y. An experimental study of non-coaxial soil behaviorusing hollow cylinder testing[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Nottingham：University ofNottingham，2010.
[4]	严佳佳，周建，刘正义，等. 主应力轴纯旋转条件下黏土弹塑性变形特性[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2014，33(增2)：4 350-4 358. (YAN Jiajia，ZHOU Jian，LIU Zhengyi，et al.Elasto-plastic deformation behavior of intact claysubjected to principal stress rotation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2014，33(Supp.2)：4 350-4 358.(in Chinese))
[5]	童朝霞，张建民，张嘎. 考虑应力主轴循环旋转效应的砂土弹塑性本构模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(9)：1 918-1 927. (TONG Zhaoxia，ZHANG Jianmin，ZHANG Ga. An elastoplastic constitutive model of sands consideringcyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(9)：1 918-1 927.(in Chinese))
[6]	SYMES M J，GENS A，HIGHT D W. Drained principal stressrotation in saturated sand[J]. Géotechnique，1988，38(4)：59-81.
[7]	SYMES M J，GENS A，HIGHT D.W. Undrained anisotropyand principal stress rotation in saturated sand[J].Géotechnique，1984，34(1)：11-27.
[8]	GUTIERREZ M，ISHIHARA K，TOWHATA I. Flow theoryfor sand during rotation of principal stress direction[J]. Soilsand Foundations，1991，31(4)：121-132.
[9]	LADE P V，KIRKGARD M M. Effect of stress rotationand changes of b-values on cross-anisotropic behavior ofnatural，K0-consolidated soft clay[J]. Soils andFoundations，2000，40(6)：93-105.
[10]	沈扬. 考虑主应力方向变化的原状软黏土试验研究[博士学位论文][D]. 杭州：浙江大学，2007.(SHEN Yang. Experimental study on effect of variation of principal stress orientation onundisturbed soft clay[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Hangzhou：Zhejiang University，2007.(in Chinese))
[11]	管林波，周建，张勋，等. 中主应力系数和主应力方向对原状黏土各向异性的影响研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(增2)：3 871-3 877.(GUAN Linbo，ZHOU Jian，ZHANG Xun，et al.Study of influence of parameters of intermediateprincipal stress and principal stress direction onanisotropy of intact clay[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(Supp.2)：3 871-3 877.(in Chinese))
[12]	SYMES M J P R. Rotation of principal stressesin sand[Ph.DThesis][D].London：University of London，1983.
[13]	SAADA AS，TOWNSEND FC. State-of-the-art： Laboratory strength testing of soils[C]// Proceedings ofASTM. Philadelphia，Pennsylvania：[s.n.]，1981：7-77.
[14]	LIN H，PENUMADU D. Experimental investigation on principal stress rotation in Kaolin clay[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering，2005，131(5)：633-642.
[15]	MIURA K，MIURA S，TOKI S. Deformation behaviourof anisotropic dense sand under principal stress axisrotation[J]. Soils and Foundations，1986，26(1)：36-52.
[16]	杨彦豪，周建，温晓贵，等. 杭州软黏土非共轴特性的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学，2014，35(10)：2 861-2 867.(YANG Yanhao，ZHOU Jian，WEN Xiaogui，et al.Experimental study of non-coaxiality of Hangzhou soft clay[J]. Rock Soil Mechanics，2014，35(10)：2 861-2 867.(inChinese))
[1]	王如路，刘建航. 上海地铁长期运营中纵向变形的监测与研究[J]. 地下工程与隧道，2001，(4)：6-11.(WANG Rulu，LIU Jianhang. Monitoring and study on longitudinaldeformation in long-term operation of Shanghai metro[J].Underground Engineering and Tunnels，，2001，(4)：6-11.(inChinese))
[2]	GUTIERREZ M，ISHIHARA K. Non-coaxiality and energydissipationin granular materials[J]. Soils and Foundations，2000，40(2)：49-59.
[3]	CAI Y Y. An experimental study of non-coaxial soil behaviorusing hollow cylinder testing[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Nottingham：University ofNottingham，2010.
[4]	严佳佳，周建，刘正义，等. 主应力轴纯旋转条件下黏土弹塑性变形特性[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2014，33(增2)：4 350-4 358. (YAN Jiajia，ZHOU Jian，LIU Zhengyi，et al.Elasto-plastic deformation behavior of intact claysubjected to principal stress rotation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2014，33(Supp.2)：4 350-4 358.(in Chinese))
[5]	童朝霞，张建民，张嘎. 考虑应力主轴循环旋转效应的砂土弹塑性本构模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(9)：1 918-1 927. (TONG Zhaoxia，ZHANG Jianmin，ZHANG Ga. An elastoplastic constitutive model of sands consideringcyclic rotation of principal stress axes[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(9)：1 918-1 927.(in Chinese))
[6]	SYMES M J，GENS A，HIGHT D W. Drained principal stressrotation in saturated sand[J]. Géotechnique，1988，38(4)：59-81.
[7]	SYMES M J，GENS A，HIGHT D.W. Undrained anisotropyand principal stress rotation in saturated sand[J].Géotechnique，1984，34(1)：11-27.
[8]	GUTIERREZ M，ISHIHARA K，TOWHATA I. Flow theoryfor sand during rotation of principal stress direction[J]. Soilsand Foundations，1991，31(4)：121-132.
[9]	LADE P V，KIRKGARD M M. Effect of stress rotationand changes of b-values on cross-anisotropic behavior ofnatural，K0-consolidated soft clay[J]. Soils andFoundations，2000，40(6)：93-105.
[10]	沈扬. 考虑主应力方向变化的原状软黏土试验研究[博士学位论文][D]. 杭州：浙江大学，2007.(SHEN Yang. Experimental study on effect of variation of principal stress orientation onundisturbed soft clay[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Hangzhou：Zhejiang University，2007.(in Chinese))
[11]	管林波，周建，张勋，等. 中主应力系数和主应力方向对原状黏土各向异性的影响研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(增2)：3 871-3 877.(GUAN Linbo，ZHOU Jian，ZHANG Xun，et al.Study of influence of parameters of intermediateprincipal stress and principal stress direction onanisotropy of intact clay[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(Supp.2)：3 871-3 877.(in Chinese))
[12]	SYMES M J P R. Rotation of principal stressesin sand[Ph.DThesis][D].London：University of London，1983.
[13]	SAADA AS，TOWNSEND FC. State-of-the-art： Laboratory strength testing of soils[C]// Proceedings ofASTM. Philadelphia，Pennsylvania：[s.n.]，1981：7-77.
[14]	LIN H，PENUMADU D. Experimental investigation on principal stress rotation in Kaolin clay[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering，2005，131(5)：633-642.
[15]	MIURA K，MIURA S，TOKI S. Deformation behaviourof anisotropic dense sand under principal stress axisrotation[J]. Soils and Foundations，1986，26(1)：36-52.
[16]	杨彦豪，周建，温晓贵，等. 杭州软黏土非共轴特性的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学，2014，35(10)：2 861-2 867.(YANG Yanhao，ZHOU Jian，WEN Xiaogui，et al.Experimental study of non-coaxiality of Hangzhou soft clay[J]. Rock Soil Mechanics，2014，35(10)：2 861-2 867.(inChinese))