抗爆缓冲材料动态力学特性及微观破裂分析

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摘要采用准静态、落锤冲击和分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验研究方法，借助电镜扫描(SEM)手段，对泡沫Al、Al-Si12基、Al-Si6基、泡沫Mg及Al–纤维和Al–稀土闭孔泡沫材料进行吸能特性试验研究，并讨论其微观破坏特征。准静态试验结果表明，基体材料不同，应力–应变曲线和吸能性能关系差异较大，抗压强度值最大为5 MPa左右。落锤冲击应力–应变和吸能特性试验结果说明，冲击载荷作用下材料抗压强度提高较大，最高可达15 MPa，吸能值最大达29 J。SHPB试验结果得出缓冲吸能性能良好的泡沫材料参数以密度为0.35～0.70 g/cm3，孔隙度为65%～87%，孔径为1.0～4.0 mm为宜。静态与冲击试验微观破坏结果均说明泡沫Al材料具有明显的撕裂痕迹，表现出韧性断裂特征。与准静态试验结果相比，冲击速度增大后，材料强度和吸能性能得到更好发挥，泡沫Al材料吸能值最大，变形空间较大，更适合用于防冲吸能支护材料。相似模拟试验结果表明，锚杆支护、U型钢支护巷道都存在不同程度的冲击变形或破坏，防冲支护巷道发生冲击后整体性较好。

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	吕祥锋1
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	潘一山2
	肖晓春2
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关键词 ：采矿工程, 闭孔泡沫金属材料, 动态力学特性, 吸能性能, 微观破裂形貌, 防冲支护

Abstract：The energy absorption property of closed-cell foam metals with matrix Al，matrix Al-Si12，matrix Al-Si6，matrix Mg，matrix Al-fiber and matrix RE-Al alloys are investigated by the compression，impact and split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) test. And the micro-mechanics failure mechanism of closed-cell foam metals is discussed. Quasi-static experiment results show that the mechanical properties of different foam metals are different，and the maximum of compressive strength is about 5 MPa. Impact test results indicate that the maximum of compressive strength and absorbing energy value are about 15 MPa and 29 J，respectively. The closed-cell foam metals exhibit good energy-absorption ability on the optimal conditions that density is 0.35–0.70 g/cm3，porosity is 65%–87% and pore diameter is 1.0–4.0 mm. The micro-morphology of closed-cell foam metal with matrix Al is obvious tear trace，indicating that it has toughness characteristics. Compared with quasi-static experiment results，closed-cell foam metals with matrix Al is good for energy absorption materials because of its high absorbing energy value and deformation. Similar experimental results show that bolt and U steel support roadway have impact deformation or damage，and the blunt support roadway is better in integrity.

Key words： mining engineering closed-cell foam metal dynamic mechanical properties energy absorption ability microcosmic rupture morphology rockburst prevention support

引用本文:

吕祥锋1，2，潘一山2，肖晓春2，3. 抗爆缓冲材料动态力学特性及微观破裂分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(S1): 2821-2828.
LU Xiangfeng1，2，PAN Yishan2，XIAO Xiaochun2，3. ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROCOSMIC RUPTURE OF ANTI-EXPLOSION BUFFER MATERIALS. , 2012, 31(S1): 2821-2828.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2012/V31/IS1/2821

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