掘进工作面逼近构造煤区激发煤与瓦斯突出机制试验研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0385

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摘要深部原生煤层与构造煤层混杂发育，导致掘进工作面逼近构造煤区时在地应力和瓦斯作用下极易发生煤与瓦斯突出事故。为揭示掘进面逼近构造煤区过程中逼近距离对煤与瓦斯突出影响机制，以河南某矿突出煤层为研究对象，建立原生煤中含构造煤区的“构造包体”试验模型，利用自主研制的真三轴煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验系统，通过改变掘进工作面与构造煤区直线距离L（0～35 mm），开展不同逼近距离的“构造包体”突出模拟试验，期间利用声发射技术和温度传感器监测突出全过程，定义临界逼近距离、各阶段累计能量增长率、声发射能量一次及二次峰值等新参数，根据声发射一次能量与二次能量峰值关系特征，提出低、中、高突出危险前兆系数指标，分析得到不同逼近距离下突出过程声发射演化规律与构造煤区内部温度演化特征。研究结果表明：（1）在掘进面逼近构造煤区过程中，存在临界逼近距离，单位突出强度与逼近距离呈先增后减的二次函数关系，当逼近距离为20 mm时存在单位突出强度临界值。（2）孕育突出过程中声发射能量累计增长率K1，K2，K4随逼近距离呈显著两阶段特征：10～20 mm时具有正相关关系，20～35 mm时具有负相关关系。中后期突出激发阶段能量释放强度K4/K3是早期K2/K1的7.17～15.59倍，逼近距离与声发射能量释放呈先增后减关系。（3）构造煤区突出时温度增量随逼近距离呈先升后降趋势,突出口近端由地应力主导，温度增量较低。中端由于裂隙扩展加速及瓦斯压力不断加载，温度增量显著上升。远端由高压瓦斯解吸吸热主导，温度增量回落。

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	唐巨鹏1
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	张昕4
	黄磊1

关键词 ：采矿工程, 煤与瓦斯突出, 掘进工作面, 逼近距离, 构造煤区, 单位突出强度, 声发射能量, 温度演化

Abstract： In deep coal seams where intact coal interbeds with tectonic coal, the advancement of excavation working faces towards tectonic coal zones, under in-situ stress and gas pressure, is highly susceptible to induced coal and gas outbursts. To investigate the influence of distance on outburst mechanisms during the approach of excavation faces to tectonic coal zones, this study focuses on an outburst-prone coal seam from a mine in Henan. A “tectonic coal mass” experimental model was established to simulate tectonic coal zones embedded within intact coal. Using a self-developed true triaxial coal and gas outburst simulation test system, outburst simulation experiments were conducted at varying approaching distances (L) ranging from 0 to 35 mm between the excavation face and the tectonic coal zone. Throughout the experiments, acoustic emission (AE) technology and temperature sensors were employed to monitor the entire outburst process. New parameters, including the cumulative energy growth rate at each stage and the primary and secondary peaks of AE energy, were defined. Based on the relationship between the primary and secondary AE energy peaks, precursor coefficients for low, medium, and high outburst risks were proposed. The study analyzed AE evolution patterns and temperature characteristics within the tectonic coal zone at different approaching distances. The research findings indicate: (1) A critical approaching distance exists when the excavation face approaches tectonic coal zones. Under consistent in-situ stress conditions, the unit outburst intensity demonstrates a quadratic relationship with the approaching distance, initially increasing and then decreasing. A critical value of unit outburst intensity is observed at an approaching distance of 20 mm. (2) During the outburst incubation stage, the cumulative energy growth rates (K?, K?, K?) exhibit a distinct two-phase trend in relation to the approaching distance: a positive correlation between 10–20 mm and a negative correlation between 20–35 mm. The energy release intensity (K?/K?) during the late triggering phase is 7.17–15.59 times greater than that during the early phase (K?/K?). The approaching distance and AE energy release initially increase before subsequently decreasing. (3) The temperature increment during outbursts in the tectonic coal zone first rises and then declines as the approaching distance increases. In the proximal zone, the temperature increase is minimal and primarily influenced by in-situ stress. In the intermediate zone, accelerated fracture propagation and continuous gas pressure loading lead to a significant temperature rise. In the distal zone, the temperature increase diminishes due to the predominant effect of gas desorption endothermic behavior.

Key words： mining engineering coal and gas outburst excavation working face approaching distance tectonic coal area unit prominent intensity acoustic emission energy temperature evolution

引用本文:

唐巨鹏1，2，黄文哲1，潘一山3，任凌冉1，张昕4，黄磊1 . 掘进工作面逼近构造煤区激发煤与瓦斯突出机制试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(12): 3170-3183.
TANG Jupeng1, 2, HUANG Wenzhe1, PAN Yishan3, REN Lingran1, ZHANG Xin4, HUANG Lei1 . Mechanism of coal and gas outburst induced by excavation working face approaching tectonic coal area. , 2025, 44(12): 3170-3183.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0385 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I12/3170

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