Seismic response characteristics of subsea shield tunnels considering seawater-stratum-structure coupling
DENG Hongyi1, LIU Chao1*, CUI Jie1, LIU Hai1, HUANG Xiangyun2
(1. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China;
2. Earthquake Engineering Research and Test Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China)
Abstract：The seismic dynamic response of subsea tunnels in complex hydrogeological environments is crucial for ensuring their safe operation. This study investigates the combined effects of soil-structure interaction (SSI), cover-to-diameter ratio (C/D), and hydrostatic-hydrodynamic pressures on tunnel lining responses, using the Shantou Bay Tunnel as a case study. The Davidenkov constitutive model is employed to characterize the nonlinear dynamic behavior of marine soils, while the coupled acoustic-structure method is integrated into the finite element model to capture the interaction between seawater, seabed, and structure. Results indicate that, under 0.2 g seismic excitation at a water depth of 50 m, the peak tunnel diameter deformation ratio with SSI is 23.74% greater than that without SSI. As the depth increases, the combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures amplify the deformation ratio by 6% to 42% compared to hydrostatic pressure alone, suggesting that neglecting hydrodynamic effects at significant depths would substantially underestimate structural deformation. Furthermore, when the tunnel C/D is 1.5, the additional impact of hydrodynamic pressure is only 9% to 14%, which is considerably lower than the 22% to 66% observed for a C/D of 0.9. Additionally, the hydrodynamic pressure on the seabed exhibits a non-uniform “double-peak and single-trough” distribution due to the presence of the tunnel.
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2026, Vol. 45 
