A characterization model for ductile-brittle behavior of rocks under true triaxial stress conditions
ZHENG Zhi1, 2, 3*, ZHANG Yihuai1, ZHENG Hong3, HUANG Xiaohua1, WANG Wei4, WANG Zhaofeng3
(1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 4. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and
Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China)
Abstract：Excavation in underground engineering triggers complex true triaxial stress redistribution, resulting in intricate ductile-brittle behavior in rocks. However, there is a notable absence of mechanical models that accurately characterize this behavior under true triaxial stress. Therefore, within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics, this study derives a function to describe the nonlinear behavior of rocks and, in conjunction with classical elastoplastic mechanics theory, establishes a three-dimensional elastoplastic damage constitutive model capable of simultaneously capturing plastic hardening and damage softening in rocks. Utilizing the finite element method and the cutting plane projection algorithm, a corresponding user material subroutine (UMAT) was developed using FORTRAN on the ABAQUS platform, facilitating the numerical implementation of the model. Through parameter sensitivity analysis, this research proposes a method for controlling the ductile-brittle transition behavior of rocks by adjusting key parameters (β and ζ). The validity of the proposed model was verified through true triaxial compression tests on sandstone. Comparative results between numerical simulations and experimental data indicate that the model effectively captures the mechanical properties and ductile-brittle transition behavior of rocks under true triaxial stress. Furthermore, the model can be simplified to an ideal elastoplastic model, an elastoplastic hardening model, or an elastoplastic hardening-softening model, demonstrating greater comprehensiveness and general applicability. This work provides a robust theoretical foundation for hazard analysis in underground engineering.
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2026, Vol. 45 
