Spatiotemporal evolution of rock burst in surrounding rock with structural planes based on stress relaxation
ZHANG Xiaojun1, 2*, YANG Xiaoyao1
(1. School of Resources and Environment, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Engineering Geophysical Prospecting and Detection of Chinese Geophysical Society, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China)
Rockbursts in surrounding rocks containing structural planes present significant challenges to engineering construction. Therefore, the spatiotemporal evolution law is crucial for the prevention and control of deep underground rockbursts. To address the deficiencies in the study of the spatiotemporal evolution of structural plane-induced rockbursts, granite specimens with non-closed structural planes at various angles were prepared. Utilizing the concept of stress relaxation, uniaxial compression stress relaxation tests were conducted to analyze and discuss the evolution of rockburst fractures and the differences between immediate and time-delayed occurrences influenced by structural planes of differing angles. The results indicate that: (1) when the stress relaxation or attenuation process exhibits three stages—rapid attenuation, gradual attenuation, and stable attenuation—it is classified as a stress relaxation process, characterized by the absence of rockbursts or the occurrence of local weak rockbursts with a long time delay. Conversely, if the process shows two stages—gradual attenuation and rapid attenuation—it is classified as a stress attenuation process, characterized by immediate or short time-delayed rockbursts. (2) For a given structural plane, as the load increases, the state of the rock mass containing structural planes transitions from a stress relaxation process (without rockbursts) to a process where stress relaxation transforms into stress attenuation (with rockbursts, characterized by long time-delayed rockbursts), and eventually to a stress attenuation process (with rockbursts, characterized by short time-delayed or immediate rockbursts). (3) As the angle of the structural plane increases, the failure mechanism of rockbursts shifts from being controlled by the structural plane to being governed by strain, with the failure of the structural plane progressing from the tip to the entire structural plane. (4) Under the same peak load, rockbursts are more likely to occur in structural planes with smaller angles, and the time required for these occurrences is shorter. For structural planes with the same angle, higher peak loads result in shorter durations before rockbursts occur. The findings of this research provide a foundational understanding and guidance regarding the mechanisms, prevention, control, monitoring, and prediction of structural plane-induced rockbursts in deep underground engineering.
张晓君1，2*，杨小瑶1. 基于应力松弛的含结构面围岩岩爆时空演化试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(S1): 94-105.
ZHANG Xiaojun1, 2*, YANG Xiaoyao1. Spatiotemporal evolution of rock burst in surrounding rock with structural planes based on stress relaxation. , 2026, 45(S1): 94-105.
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2026, Vol. 45 
