单轴压缩下不同刚度比煤岩组合试样力学行为及声发射差异

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0686

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1993 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Coal pillar instability arises from the interaction between the coal seam and the surrounding roof and floor strata. The stiffness ratio of the roof/floor to the coal seam directly influences the failure mode of the coal seam; thus, the roof, floor and coal seam should be studied as an integrated system. To investigate the effect of the stiffness ratio on the mechanical behavior of coal-rock combined specimens, uniaxial compression experiments were conducted on specimens with varying stiffness ratios. The deformation and failure behaviors during loading were quantitatively characterized based on the elastic modulus and failure intensity. Utilizing acoustic emission technology, the micro-fracture mechanisms and their evolutionary characteristics in combined specimens with different stiffness ratios were analyzed. The controlling mechanism of the stiffness ratio on the deformation and failure of these specimens is revealed from the perspective of micro-crack development and propagation. The research findings are as follows: (1) Variations in the stiffness ratio of composite specimens have minimal impact on the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens, the strain of the coal samples, or pre-peak acoustic emission (AE) characteristic parameters (e.g., average ringing count, duration, amplitude, and energy). (2) The influence of stiffness ratio on the elastic modulus of composite specimens arises from differences in pre-peak deformation of the rock component. As the stiffness ratio increases, rock strain decreases, leading to reduced axial deformation of the composite specimens and an increase in their elastic modulus. (3) As the stiffness ratio of composite specimens decreases, the average particle size of failed coal samples diminishes while the fractal dimension increases, indicating an intensified degree of coal fragmentation with a decreasing stiffness ratio. (4) A decrease in the stiffness ratio of composite specimens results in a higher post-peak AE event rate, more severe signal blockage in acquisition channels, increased waveform overlap of AE events, and a higher proportion of high-amplitude and high-energy AE signals. Concurrently, the AE b-value and RA value decrease, indicating an increase in large-scale fractures. (5) The failure intensity of coal samples in composite specimens exhibits a negative correlation with the stiffness ratio. From the perspective of macroscopic energy storage and dissipation, a lower stiffness ratio leads to greater pre-peak axial deformation of the rock, allowing it to store more elastic strain energy. At peak strength, the elastic energy released by rock rebound does work on the coal sample, exacerbating coal failure. From the perspective of micro-fracture development and propagation, a decreasing stiffness ratio increases the proportion of large-scale fractures, which break the coal sample into smaller units and enhance coal fragmentation within the composite specimen. Additionally, the AF/RA ratio increases and becomes more concentrated, indicating a higher proportion of tensile fractures. Reduced energy dissipation during the failure process increases the residual energy available for conversion into kinetic energy, thereby intensifying failure.

Key words： rock mechanics stiffness ratio composite coal-rock sample mechanical behavior acoustic emission b-value AF and RA

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	LU Zhiguo1
	2*

Cite this article:

LU Zhiguo1,2*. Mechanical behavior and acoustic emission differences of composite coal-rock specimens with different stiffness ratios under uniaxial compression[J]. , 2026, 45(6): 1740-1756.

URL:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0686 OR https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/Y2026/V45/I6/1740

[1] CHEN S J，GUO W J，ZHOU H，et al. Field investigation of long-term bearing capacity of strip coal pillars[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2014，70(9)：109–114.
[2] 李利萍，胡学锦，潘一山，等. 煤岩组合体冲击倾向性对超低摩擦型冲击地压的影响机制[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报，2024，6(4)：23–33.(LI Liping，HU Xuejin，PAN Yishan，et al. The influence mechanism of bursting tendency of coal-rock combination on ultra-low friction-typed rockburst[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering，2024，6(4)：23–33.(in Chinese))
[3] 窦林名，陆菜平，牟宗龙，等. 组合煤岩冲击倾向性特性试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2006，23(1)：43–46.(DOU Linming，LU Caiping，MU Zonglong，et al. Rock burst tendency of coal-rock combinations sample[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2006，23(1)：43–46.(in Chinese))
[4] CHEN Y L，ZUO J P，LIU D J，et al. Deformation failure characteristics of coal-rock combined body under uniaxial compression：experimental and numerical investigations[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2018，78(5)：3 449–3 464.
[5] ZHAO Z H，WANG W M，WANG L H，et al. Compression-shear strength criterion of coal-rock combination model considering interface effect[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2015，47：193–199.
[6] 赵同彬，尹延春，谭云亮，等. 变刚度加载试验系统的研制及其在煤岩破坏力学行为测试中的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2022，41(9)：1 846–1 857.(ZHAO Tongbin，YIN Yanchun，TAN Yunliang，et al. Development of a rock testing system with changeable stiffness and its application in the study on the rock failure mechanical behavior[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2022，41(9)：1 846–1 857.(in Chinese))
[7] LU Z G，JU W J，GAO F Q，et al. Influence of loading rate on the failure characteristics of composite coal-rock specimens under quasi-static loading conditions[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2022，55(2)：909–921.
[8] 卢志国，高富强，鞠文君，等. 低刚度加载诱发煤样冲击破坏特征及其机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2024，43(6)：1 455–1 467.(LU Zhiguo，GAO Fuqiang，JU Wenjun，et al. Characteristics and mechanism of coal sample impact failure induced by low stiffness loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2024，43(6)：1 455–1467.(in Chinese))
[9] 卢志国. 基于局部矿井刚度理论的应变型冲击地压机理研究[博士学位论文][D]. 北京：煤炭科学研究总院，2022.(LU Zhiguo. Study on strainbursts mechanism based on local mine stiffness theory[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Beijing：China Coal Research Institute，2022.(in Chinese))
[10] LU Z G，JU W J，GAO F Q，et al. Numerical analysis on the factors affecting post-peak characteristics of coal under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal Coal Science and Technology，2024，11：2.
[11] PETUKHOV I M，LINKOV A M. The theory of post-failure deformations and the problem of stability in rock mechanics[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1979，16(2)：57–76.
[12] 刘建新，唐春安，朱万成，等. 煤岩串联组合模型及冲击地压机理的研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2004，26(2)：276–280.(LIU Jianxin，TANG Chunan，ZHU Wancheng，et al. Rock-coal model for studying the rockburst[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2004，26(2)：276–280.(in Chinese))
[13] 窦林名，田京城，陆菜平，等. 组合煤岩冲击破坏电磁辐射规律研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2005，24(19)：3 541–3 544.(DOU Linming，TIAN Jingcheng，LU Caiping，et al. Research on electromagnetic radiation rules of composed coal-rock burst failure[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2005，24(19)：3 541–3 544.(in Chinese))
[14] 李纪青，齐庆新，毛德兵，等. 应用煤岩组合模型方法评价煤岩冲击倾向性探讨[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2005，24(增1)：4 805–4 810. (LI Jiqing，QI Qingxin，MAO Debing，et al. Discussion on evaluation method of bursting liability with composite model of coal and rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2005，24(Supp.1)：4 805–4 810.(in Chinese))
[15] SEIDEL J P，HABERFIELD C M. A theoretical model for rock joints subjected to constant normal stiffness direct shear[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2002，39(5)：539–553.
[16] 杨磊，高富强，王晓卿，等. 煤岩组合体的能量演化规律与破坏机制[J]. 煤炭学报，2019，44(12)：3 894–3 902.(YANG Lei，GAO Fuqiang，WANG Xiaoqing，et al. Energy evolution law and failure mechanism of coal-rock combined specimen[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2019，44(12)：3 894–3 902.(in Chinese))
[17] 左建平，陈岩，张俊文，等. 不同围压作用下煤–岩组合体破坏行为及强度特征[J]. 煤炭学报，2016，41(11)：2 706–2 713.(ZUO Jianping，CHEN Yan，ZHANG Junwen，et al. Failure behavior and strength characteristics of coal-rock combined body under different confining pressure[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2016，41(11)：2 706–2 713.(in Chinese))
[18] 左建平，谢和平，吴爱民，等. 深部煤岩单体及组合体的破坏机制与力学特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(1)：84–92.(ZUO Jianping，XIE Heping，WU Aimin，et al. Investigation on failure mechanisms and mechanical behaviors of deep coal-rock single body and combined body[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2011，30(1)：84–92.(in Chinese))
[19] 宫凤强，叶豪，罗勇. 低加载率范围内煤岩组合体冲击倾向性的率效应试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报，2017，42(11)：2 852–2 860. (GONG Fengqiang，YE Hao，LUO Yong. Rate effect on the burst tendency of coal-rock combined body under low loading rate range[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2017，42(11)：2 852–2 860.(in Chinese))
[20] LI C J，XU Y，CHEN P Y，et al. Dynamic mechanical properties and fragment fractal characteristics of fractured coal-rock-like combined bodies in split Hopkinson pressure bar tests[J]. Natural Resources Research，2020，29(5)：3 179–3 195.
[21] HUANG B X，LIU J W. The effect of loading rate on the behavior of samples composed of coal and rock[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2013，61：23–30.
[22] 张泽天，刘建锋，王璐，等. 组合方式对煤岩组合体力学特性和破坏特征影响的试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报，2012，37(10)：1 677–1 681.(ZHANG Zetian，LIU Jianfeng，WANG Lu，et al. Effects of combination mode on mechanical properties and failure characteristics of the coal-rock combinations[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2012，37(10)：1 677–1 681.(in Chinese))
[23] ZHAO Z H，WANG W M，DAI C Q，et al. Failure characteristics of three-body model composed of rock and coal with different strength and stiffness[J]. Transaction Nonferrous Metals Society of China，2014，24：1 538–1 546.
[24] 左建平，陈岩，崔凡. 不同煤岩组合体力学特性差异及冲击倾向性分析[J]. 中国矿业大学学报，2018，47(1)：81–87.(ZUO Jianping，CHEN Yan，CUI Fan. Investigation on mechanical properties and rock burst tendency of different coal-rock combined bodies[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology，2018，47(1)：81–87.(in Chinese))
[25] 彭阳，高永涛，王文林，等. 单侧限压缩煤岩组合体的破裂机制研究[J]. 岩土力学，2023，44(增1)：387–398.(PENG Yang，GAO Yongtao，WANG Wenlin，et al. Research on fracture mechanism of coal rock mass under the condition of one side restriction loading[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2023，44(Supp.1)：387–398.(in Chinese))
[26] 陈光波，李谭，杨磊，等. 不同煤岩比例及组合方式的组合体力学特性及破坏机制[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报，2021，3(2)：84–94.(CHEN Guangbo，LI Tan，YANG Lei，et al. Mechanical properties and failure mechanism of combined bodies with different coal-rock ratios and combinations[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering，2021，3(2)：84–94.(in Chinese))
[27] GUO W Y，TAN Y L，YU F H，et al. Mechanical behavior of rock-coal-rock specimens with different coal thicknesses[J]. Geomechanics and Engineering，2018，15(4)：1 017–1 027.
[28] ZHAO T B，GUO W Y，LU C P，et al. Failure characteristics of combined coal-rock with different interfacial angles[J]. Geomechanics and Engineering，2016，11(3)：345–359.
[29] YIN D W，CHEN S J，LIU X Q，et al. Effect of joint angle in coal on failure mechanical behaviour of roof rock-coal combined body[J]. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology，2018，51(2)：202–209.
[30] LIU J W，WU N，SI G Y，et al. Experimental study on mechanical properties and failure behaviour of the pre-cracked coal-rock combination[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2020，81：1–15.
[31] 杨磊，高富强，王晓卿. 不同强度比组合煤岩的力学响应与能量分区演化规律[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2020，39(增2)：3 297–3 305.(YANG Lei，GAO Fuqiang，WANG Xiaoqing. Mechanical response and energy partition evolution of coal-rock combinations with different strength ratios[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2020，39(Supp. 2)：3 297–3 305.(in Chinese))
[32] 邓绪彪，胡海娟，徐刚，等. 两体岩石结构冲击失稳破坏的数值模拟[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2012，29(6)：833–839.(DENG Xubiao，HU Haijuan，XU Gang，et al. Numerical simulation for burst failure of two-body rock structure[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2012，29(6)：833–839.(in Chinese))
[33] 牟宗龙，王浩，彭蓬，等. 岩–煤–岩组合体破坏特征及冲击倾向性试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2013，30(6)：841–847. (MU Zonglong，WANG Hao，PENG Peng，et al. Experimental research on failure characteristics and bursting liability of rock-coal-rock sample[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2013，30(6)：841–847.(in Chinese))
[34] 康红普，伊丙鼎，高富强，等. 中国煤矿井下地应力数据库及地应力分布规律[J]. 煤炭学报，2019，44(1)：23–33.(KANG Hongpu，YI Bingding，CAO Fuqiang，et al. Database and characteristics of underground in-situ stress distribution in Chinese coal mines[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2019，44(1)：23–33.(in Chinese))
[35] GAO F，KANG H，YANG L. An experimental investigation into the strainburst process under quasi-static loading[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2020，53：5 617–5 629.
[36] 卢志国，鞠文君，高富强，等. 基于非线性储能与释放特征的煤冲击倾向性指标[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2021，40(8)：1 559–1 569. (LU Zhiguo，JU Wenjun，GAO Fuqiang，et al. Bursting liability index of coal based on nonlinear storage and release characteristics of elastic energy[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2021，40(8)：1 559–1 569.(in Chinese))
[37] 孙卓越，吴拥政，周鹏赫. 冲击载荷下砂质泥岩破碎分形特征[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术，2024，20(6)：133–139.(SUN Zhuoyue，WU Yongzheng，ZHOU Penghe. Fractal characteristics of sandy mudstone under impact load[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology，2024，20(6)：133–139.(in Chinese))
[38] 刘石，许金余，白二雷，等. 基于分形理论的岩石冲击破坏研究[J]. 振动与冲击，2013，32(5)：163–166.(LIU Shi，XU Jinyu， BAI Erlei，et al. Research on impact fracture of rock based on fractal theory[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2013，32(5)：163–166.(in Chinese))
[39] LIU L W，LI H B，ZHANG G K，et al. Investigation on rate dependency of acoustic emission behaviours of sandstone under quasi-dynamic uniaxial compression[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2025，58(7)，DOI：10.1007/s00603-025-04507-7.
[40] 秦四清，李造鼎. 岩石声发射事件在空间上的分形分布研究[J]. 应用声学，1992，11(4)：19–21.(QIN Siqing，LI Zaoding. Research on the fractal spatial distribution in space of rock acoustic emission events[J]. Applied Acoustics，1992，11(4)：19–21.(in Chinese))
[41] LIANG Y P，YANG Y，XIN G Y，et al. Mechanical properties and crack propagation characteristics of mudstone under different loading frequencies. Engineering Fracture Mechanics，2025，316：110863.
[42] AGGELIS D G. Classification of cracking mode in concrete by acoustic emission parameters[J]. Mechanics Research Communications，2011，38(3)：153–157.
[43] 谢和平，彭瑞东，鞠杨. 岩石变形破坏过程中的能量耗散分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(21)：3 565–3 570.(XIE Heping，PENG Ruidong，JU Yang. Energy dissipation of rock deformation and fracture[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2004，23(21)：3 565–3 570.(in Chinese))
[44] 赵光明，吴旭坤，许文松，等. 侧向约束下加载系统刚度对砂岩非稳定破坏模式与能量演化的影响[J]. 煤炭学报，2025，50(2)：877–889.(ZHAO Guangming，WU Xukun，XU Wensong，et al. Influence of loading system stiffness on unstable failure mode and energy evolution of sandstone under lateral constraints[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2025，50(2)：877–889.(in Chinese))
[45] 张茹，艾婷，高明忠，等. 岩石声发射基础理论及试验研究[M].成都：四川大学出版社，2017：132–143.(ZHANG Ru，AI Ting，GAO Mingzhong，et al. Basic theory and experimental research on rock acoustic emission[M]. Chengdu：Sichuan University Press，2017：132–143.(in Chinese))
[46] SALAMON M D G. Stability，instability and design of pillar workings[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1970，7(6)：613–631.
[47] KAISER P K，CAI M. Design of rock support system under rockburst condition[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，2012，6(3)：215–227.
[48] GAO F，KANG H，LOU J，et al. Evolution of local mine stiffness with mining process：insight from physical and numerical modeling[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2019，52(10)：3 947–3 958.
[49] 高富强，卢志国，彭相愿，等. 基于局部矿井刚度理论的煤柱冲击机理及防治[J]. 煤炭科学技术，2024，52(9)：125–136.(GAO Fuqiang，LU Zhiguo，PENG Xiangyuan，et al. Coal pillar burst mechanism and prevention based on local mine stiffness(LMS) criterion[J]. Coal Science and Technology，2024，52(9)：125–136.(in Chinese))