|
|
|
| Analytical approach of counter tilt rock slopes locally reinforced by fully grouted bolts |
| ZHENG Yun1,CHEN Congxin1,LIU Tingting1,2,ZHANG Haina1,SUN Chaoyi1,LU Zude1 |
(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy
of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;2. Key Laboratory of Roadway Bridge and Structure Engineering,Wuhan
University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The reinforcement of fully grouted bolts is widely used in slope engineering due to its proven efficacy and low cost. Based on the newly proposed approach of stability analysis of counter tilt rock slopes upon flexural-toppling failure,a mechanical model of such slopes reinforced by fully grouted bolts was established. The formula of slope safety factor after reinforcement was given. In addition,the comparison between the theoretical method and discrete element method(UDEC) was made. The simulated results are consistent with those obtained with the analytical method. The optimal reinforcement position is located in the superimposed toppling zone and the precise location is related to the parameters of slope and anchoring. Reducing the angle between the bolt and discontinuity can make the full use of the shear resistance of bolt.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] GOODMAN R E,BRAY J W. Toppling of rock slopes[C]// BOUIDER M. Proceeding of the Specialty Conference on Rock Engineering for Foundations and Slopes. Colorado:[s. n.],1976:201–234.
[2] AYDAN O,KAWAMOTO T. The stability of slopes and underground openings against flexural toppling and their stabilization[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1992,25(3):143–165.
[3] ADHIKARY D P,DYSKIN A V,JEWELL R J. Numerical modeling of the flexural deformation of foliated rock slopes[J]. Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,1996,33(6):595–606.
[4] AMINI M,MAJDI A,VESHADI M A. Stability analysis of rock slopes against block-flexure toppling failure[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2012,45(4):519–532.
[5] MAJDI A,AMINI M. Analysis of geo-structural defects in flexural toppling failure[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2011,48(2):175–186.
[6] 卢海峰. 巴东组软岩边坡岩体工程特性及破坏机制研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国科学院大学,2010.(LU Haifeng. research on engineering characteristics and failure mechanism of Badong formation soft rock slope[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010.(in Chinese))
[7] 陈从新,郑 允,孙朝燚. 岩质反倾边坡弯曲倾倒破坏分析方法研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(11):2 174–2 187.(CHEN Congxin,ZHENG Yun,SUN Chaoyi. Research on the analytical approach of rock layered counter-tilt slope flexural toppling failure[J]. 2016,35(11):2 174–2 187.(in Chinese))
[8] 刘海军. 皖南山区反倾板岩边坡倾倒变形机制研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 成都:成都理工大学,2012.(LIU Haijun. Research on the toppling deformation mechanism of counter-tilt slate slope in the mountainous area of southern Anhui[M. S. Thesis][D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese))
[9] 陈红旗,黄润秋. 反倾层状边坡弯曲折断的应力及挠度判据[J]. 工程地质学报,2004,12(3):243–246.(CHEN Hongqi,HUANG Runqiu. Stress and flexibility criteria of bending and breaking in a counter tendency layered slope[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(3):243–246.(in Chinese))
[10] 王发玲,刘才华,龚 哲. 顺层岩质边坡锚杆支护机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(增1):1 465–1 470.(WANG Faling, LIU Caihua,GONG Zhe. Research on support mechanism of bolt for bedding rock slope,2014,33(Supp.1):1 465–1 470.(in Chinese))
[11] ADHIKARY D P,DYSKIN A V,JEWELL R J,et al. A study of the mechanism of flexural-toppling failure of rock slopes[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1997,30(2):75–93.
[12] ADHIKARY D P,DYSKIN A V. Modelling of progressive and instantaneous failures of foliated rock slopes[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2007:40(4):349–362.
[13] GRASSELLI G. 3D Behaviour of bolted rock joints:experimental and numerical study[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(1):13–24.
[14] SPANG K,EGGRE P. Action of fully grouted bolts in jointed rock and factors of influence[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1990,23(3):201–229.
[15] EGGER P,ZABUSKI L. Behaviour of rough bolted joints in direct shear tests[C]// Proceedings of the 7th ISRM Congress. Aachen:[s. n.],1991:1 285–1 288.
[16] AYDAN O. The stabilization of rock engineering structures by rockbolts[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Nagoya:Nagoya University,1989.
[17] BJGRSTROM S. Shear strength of hard rock joints reinforced by grouted untensioned bolts[C]// Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Rock Mechanics,ISRM Denver 2B. [S. l.]:[s. n.]: 1 194–1 199.
[18] HAAS C J. Analysis of rock bolting to prevent shear movement in fractured ground[J]. Mining Engineering,1981,33:698–704.
[19] AYDAN O,KYOYA T,ICHIKAWA Y. Anchorage pertmance and reinforcement effect of fully grouted rockbolts on rock excavations[C]// Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics,ISRM Montreal 2. [S. l.]:[s. n.],1987:757–760.
[20] CHESSON E,FAUSTINO N C,MUNSE W H. High strength bolts subjected to tension and shear[J]. Journal of the Structural Division,1965:91(5):155–180.
[21] Itasca Consulting Group,Inc. UDEC (Universal Distinct Element Code) user’s manual version 4.0[M]. Minneapolis:Itasca Consulting Group,Inc.,2005:3–16.
[22] HAAS C J. Shear resistance of rock bolts[J]. Transactions Society Engineering and Mining,AIME,1976,26(1):32–41.
[23] FULLER P G. Rock reinforcement design based on control of joint displacement-a new concept[C]// Proceedings of the 3rd Australian Tunnelling Conference. [S. l.]:[s. n.],1978:28–35.
[24] GERDEEN J C,SNYDER V W,VIEGELAHN G L,et al. Design criteria for roof bolting plans using fully resin-grouted nontensioned bolts to reinforce bedded mine roof[R]. Washington,D.C.:United States Bureau of Mines,1977. |
|
|
|